---
title: Bonobos look like slim chimpanzees, live only south of the wide Cong… — The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Bonobos look like slim chimpanzees, live only south of the wide Congo River, which apes cannot swim across, while chimps live to the north of it, have groups led by females, and often settle quarrels peacefully and share food. Who acts: Bonobos, apes, chimps. A sentence of the lesson «The great apes
---

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# The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, orangutans, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bonobos look like slim chimpanzees, live only south of the wide Congo River, which apes cannot swim across, while chimps live to the north of it, have groups led by females, and often settle quarrels peacefully and share food.

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**Who acts:** Bonobos, apes, chimps · **What happens:** look, live, not swim, have, lead, settle · **To what, where:** groups, quarrels, food

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, orangutans» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bonobos, apes, chimps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:016-the-great-apes.lesson:9
# text = Bonobos look like slim chimpanzees, live only south of the wide Congo River, which apes cannot swim across, while chimps live to the north of it, have groups led by females, and often settle quarrels peacefully and share food.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 016-the-great-apes.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Bonobos	bonobo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	like	like	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	slim	slim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	chimpanzees	chimpanzee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	only	only	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	south	south	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	Congo	Congo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	River	River	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	obj	_	_
17	apes	ape	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
18	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	swim	swim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	acl:relcl	_	_
21	across	across	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
24	chimps	chimp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nsubj	_	_
25	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nmod	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
33	groups	group	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obj	_	_
34	led	lead	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	acl	_	_
35	by	by	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	females	female	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
39	often	often	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
40	settle	settle	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	conj	_	_
41	quarrels	quarrel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obj	_	_
42	peacefully	peacefully	ADV	RB	_	40	advmod	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
44	share	share	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	40	conj	_	_
45	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obj	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | Bonobos |  |  |  |  | like slim chimpanzees | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **live** | present | Bonobos *not said here* |  |  |  |  | south *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **swim** | can | apes |  |  |  |  | across *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **live** | present | chimps |  |  |  |  | to the north of north | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **have** | present |  | groups |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent group=Patient |
| 6 | **lead** | participle |  | groups *not said here* |  |  |  | by females | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by female=Destination |
| 7 | **settle** | present |  | quarrels |  |  |  | often, peacefully *property* | vn odge-46-1 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme quarrel=Location |
| 8 | **share** | present |  | food |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:016-the-great-apes.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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