--- title: Bornean elephants are smaller than other Asian elephants, with bigge… — Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the bigge… · tree and pragmatics description: Bornean elephants are smaller than other Asian elephants, with bigger ears and long tails; some scientists think people brought them long ago, others think they have lived there for thousands of years. Who acts: Bornean elephants, scientists, people, others. A sentence of the lesson «Borneo: orangut --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower/) / 14 # Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower and gliding snakes, sentence 14 Bornean elephants are smaller than other Asian elephants, with bigger ears and long tails; some scientists think people brought them long ago, others think they have lived there for thousands of years. **Who acts:** Bornean elephants, scientists, people, others · **What happens:** be, think, bring, live · **To what, where:** scientists · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys, the biggest flower and gliding snakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bornean elephants, scientists, people, others), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower.lesson:14 # text = Bornean elephants are smaller than other Asian elephants, with bigger ears and long tails; some scientists think people brought them long ago, others think they have lived there for thousands of years. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Bornean bornean ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 smaller small ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 0 root _ _ 5 than than ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 7 Asian Asian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 with with ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 bigger big ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 12 amod _ _ 12 ears ear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:obl 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 14 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 tails tail NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 conj _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT : _ 19 punct _ _ 17 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 18 det _ _ 18 scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ _ 19 think think VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 20 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 21 brought bring VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 ccomp _ _ 22 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 obj _ _ 23 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 24 advmod _ _ 24 ago ago ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 others other NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 27 think think VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 parataxis _ _ 28 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 29 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 lived live VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 27 ccomp _ _ 31 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 30 advmod _ _ 32 for for ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 thousands thousand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obl _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nmod _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Bornean elephants | | | | | than other Asian elephants; with bigger ears and long tails; small *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **think** *speech: other* | present | some scientists | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 3 | **bring** | past | people | scientists *= scientist* | | | | ago *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent they=Theme | | 4 | **think** *speech: other* | present | others | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 5 | **live** | present · perfect | others *= other* | | | there | | for thousands of years | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys,…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower/13/) - next →: [Borneo: orangutans, proboscis monkeys,…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/161-borneo-orangutans-proboscis-monkeys-and-the-biggest-flower/)