--- title: Sumatran elephants are the smallest Asian elephants, and some traine… — Sumatra: the smallest tiger, the hairy rhino, th… · tree and pragmatics description: Sumatran elephants are the smallest Asian elephants, and some trained elephants help rangers patrol the forest and lead wild elephants away from farms. Who acts: Sumatran elephants, trained elephants, rangers. A sentence of the lesson «Sumatra: the smallest tiger, the hairy rhino, the stinking giant --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/162-sumatra-tigers-hairy-rhinos-and-the-venomous-loris/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Sumatra: the smallest tiger, the hairy…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/162-sumatra-tigers-hairy-rhinos-and-the-venomous-loris/) / 16 # Sumatra: the smallest tiger, the hairy rhino, the stinking giant flower and the venomous loris, sentence 16 Sumatran elephants are the smallest Asian elephants, and some trained elephants help rangers patrol the forest and lead wild elephants away from farms. **Who acts:** Sumatran elephants, trained elephants, rangers · **What happens:** be, train, help, patrol, lead away · **To what, where:** smallest Asian elephants, rangers, forest, wild elephants, farms This is a sentence of the lesson «Sumatra: the smallest tiger, the hairy rhino, the stinking giant flower and the venomous loris» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sumatran elephants, trained elephants, rangers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:162-sumatra-tigers-hairy-rhinos-and-the-venomous-loris.lesson:16 # text = Sumatran elephants are the smallest Asian elephants, and some trained elephants help rangers patrol the forest and lead wild elephants away from farms. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 162-sumatra-tigers-hairy-rhinos-and-the-venomous-loris.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Sumatran sumatran ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 5 smallest small ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 7 amod _ _ 6 Asian Asian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 10 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 12 det _ _ 11 trained train VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=12:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 12 elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ _ 13 help help VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 14 rangers ranger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obj _ _ 15 patrol patrol VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 xcomp _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 forest forest NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 lead lead VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 20 wild wild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 22 away away ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 23 from from ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 farms farm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obl _ _ 25 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Sumatran elephants | the smallest Asian elephants | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **train** | participle | | | | | | | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **help** | present | some trained elephants | rangers | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent ranger=Beneficiary clause=Theme | | 4 | **patrol** | present | rangers *not said here* | the forest | | | | | vn search-35.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent forest=Location | | 5 | **lead away** | present | rangers *not said here* | wild elephants | | farms | | away *property* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent elephant=Theme from farm=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:162-sumatra-tigers-hairy-rhinos-and-the-venomous-loris.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Sumatra: the smallest tiger, the hairy…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/162-sumatra-tigers-hairy-rhinos-and-the-venomous-loris/15/) - next →: [Sumatra: the smallest tiger, the hairy…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/162-sumatra-tigers-hairy-rhinos-and-the-venomous-loris/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/162-sumatra-tigers-hairy-rhinos-and-the-venomous-loris/)