--- title: A chameleon's two eyes can swivel separately, and chameleons shoot o… — Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenr… · tree and pragmatics description: A chameleon's two eyes can swivel separately, and chameleons shoot out their tongues in a fraction of a second, faster than a person can blink, and Madagascar has about half of all the chameleon kinds in the world. Who acts: two eyes, chameleons, person, Madagascar. A sentence of the lesson «Madagas --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed ge…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth/) / 4 # Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baobabs and a moth Darwin predicted, sentence 4 A chameleon's two eyes can swivel separately, and chameleons shoot out their tongues in a fraction of a second, faster than a person can blink, and Madagascar has about half of all the chameleon kinds in the world. **Who acts:** two eyes, chameleons, person, Madagascar · **What happens:** swivel, shoot out, blink, have · **To what, where:** tongues, fraction, half This is a sentence of the lesson «Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baobabs and a moth Darwin predicted» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two eyes, chameleons, person, Madagascar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth.lesson:4 # text = A chameleon's two eyes can swivel separately, and chameleons shoot out their tongues in a fraction of a second, faster than a person can blink, and Madagascar has about half of all the chameleon kinds in the world. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 chameleon chameleon NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod:poss _ _ 3 's 's PART POS _ 2 case _ _ 4 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 5 nummod _ _ 5 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 6 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 7 swivel swivel VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 8 separately separately ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 chameleons chameleon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ _ 12 shoot shoot VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 13 out out ADP RP _ 12 compound:prt _ _ 14 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 tongues tongue NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 fraction fraction NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 second second ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 18 nmod _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 faster fast ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 12 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:amod 24 than than SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 person person NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 27 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 28 blink blink VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=23:ccomp 29 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 31 Madagascar Madagascar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=32:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 32 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 33 about about ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 34 half half NOUN NN Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac 32 obj _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 36 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 39 det:predet _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 38 chameleon chameleon NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 compound _ _ 39 kinds kind NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nmod _ _ 40 in in ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 nmod _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **swivel** | can | a chameleon's two eyes | | | | | separately *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **shoot out** | present | chameleons | eyes's tongues | | a fraction of a second | | | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent tongue=Theme in fraction=Destination | | 3 | **blink** | can | a person | | | | | | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **have** | present | Madagascar | half of all chameleon kinds in the world | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent half=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed ge…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth/3/) - next →: [Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed ge…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth/)