--- title: The tundra is the flat, treeless land around the Arctic Ocean: froze… — The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic foxes, snow… · tree and pragmatics description: The tundra is the flat, treeless land around the Arctic Ocean: frozen and dark for months in winter, and in summer bright day and night, boggy and buzzing with mosquitoes. Who acts: tundra. A sentence of the lesson «The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic foxes, snowy owls and the truth about lemmings» --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic f…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings/) / 0 # The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic foxes, snowy owls and the truth about lemmings, sentence 0 The tundra is the flat, treeless land around the Arctic Ocean: frozen and dark for months in winter, and in summer bright day and night, boggy and buzzing with mosquitoes. **Who acts:** tundra · **What happens:** be, buzz · **To what, where:** flat treeless land, Arctic Ocean This is a sentence of the lesson «The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic foxes, snowy owls and the truth about lemmings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tundra), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings.lesson:0 # text = The tundra is the flat, treeless land around the Arctic Ocean: frozen and dark for months in winter, and in summer bright day and night, boggy and buzzing with mosquitoes. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 tundra tundra NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 5 flat flat ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 7 treeless treeless ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 9 around around ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 Arctic Arctic PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 Ocean Ocean PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 13 : : PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 14 frozen frozen ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 parataxis _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 dark dark ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 conj _ _ 17 for for ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 months month NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:nmod 21 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 25 bright bright ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 conj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 30 boggy boggy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 conj _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 buzzing buzz VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 30 conj _ _ 33 with with ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 mosquitoes mosquito NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obl _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the tundra | the flat treeless land | | the Arctic Ocean | | | tree rules | | 2 | **buzz** | gerund | the tundra *not said here* | | | | | with mosquitoes | vn bulge-47.5.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location with mosquito=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Australia's forests and Tasmania: devi…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/167-australias-forests-and-tasmania-devils-cassowaries-and-lyrebirds/15/) - next →: [The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic f…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings/)