--- title: Belugas are white whales called sea canaries because they whistle, c… — The Arctic Ocean: walruses, bowheads, the 400-ye… · tree and pragmatics description: Belugas are white whales called sea canaries because they whistle, click and chirp, and a beluga can change the shape of its forehead, called the melon, to aim its clicks. Who acts: Belugas, white whales, beluga, shape. A sentence of the lesson «The Arctic Ocean: walruses, bowheads, the 400-year sha --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/169-the-arctic-ocean-walruses-bowheads-the-400-year-shark-and-the-unicorns-tooth/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The Arctic Ocean: walruses, bowheads,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/169-the-arctic-ocean-walruses-bowheads-the-400-year-shark-and-the-unicorns-tooth/) / 8 # The Arctic Ocean: walruses, bowheads, the 400-year shark and the unicorn's tooth, sentence 8 Belugas are white whales called sea canaries because they whistle, click and chirp, and a beluga can change the shape of its forehead, called the melon, to aim its clicks. **Who acts:** Belugas, white whales, beluga, shape · **What happens:** be, call, whistle, click, chirp, change · **To what, where:** white whales, sea canaries, shape, melon, clicks · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The Arctic Ocean: walruses, bowheads, the 400-year shark and the unicorn's tooth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Belugas, white whales, beluga, shape), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:169-the-arctic-ocean-walruses-bowheads-the-400-year-shark-and-the-unicorns-tooth.lesson:8 # text = Belugas are white whales called sea canaries because they whistle, click and chirp, and a beluga can change the shape of its forehead, called the melon, to aim its clicks. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 169-the-arctic-ocean-walruses-bowheads-the-400-year-shark-and-the-unicorns-tooth.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Belugas beluga NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 white white ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 whales whale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 5 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 acl _ _ 6 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 7 canaries canary NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 8 because because SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 9 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 whistle whistle VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 advcl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=10:punct 12 click click VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 conj _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 chirp chirp VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=12:conj 15 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 beluga beluga NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ _ 19 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 20 aux _ _ 20 change change VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 shape shape NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 25 forehead forehead NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 27 called call VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 advcl _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 melon melon NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 aim aim VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=20:conj 33 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ _ 34 clicks click NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obj _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Belugas | white whales | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **call** | participle | white whales *not said here* | sea canaries | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent canary=Recipient | | 3 | **whistle** | present | Belugas *= beluga* | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **click** | infinitive | Belugas *= beluga* *not said here* | | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **chirp** | infinitive | Belugas *= beluga* *not said here* | | | | | | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **change** | can | a beluga | the shape of shape's forehead | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient | | 7 | **call** | past | a beluga *not said here* | the melon | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent melon=Recipient | | 8 | **aim** | to-infinitive | a beluga *not said here* | shape's clicks | | | | | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot click=Theme | | 9 | **click** | | shape | | | | | | nom click «event transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:169-the-arctic-ocean-walruses-bowheads-the-400-year-shark-and-the-unicorns-tooth.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Arctic Ocean: walruses, bowheads,…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/169-the-arctic-ocean-walruses-bowheads-the-400-year-shark-and-the-unicorns-tooth/7/) - next →: [The Arctic Ocean: walruses, bowheads,…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/169-the-arctic-ocean-walruses-bowheads-the-400-year-shark-and-the-unicorns-tooth/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/169-the-arctic-ocean-walruses-bowheads-the-400-year-shark-and-the-unicorns-tooth/)