---
title: It is a myth that people came from chimps: chimps and humans are cou… — How close are apes to us? · tree and pragmatics
description: It is a myth that people came from chimps: chimps and humans are cousins who both changed from a common ancestor. Who acts: people, chimps, cousins. A sentence of the lesson «How close are apes to us?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever
---

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# How close are apes to us?, sentence 7

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It is a myth that people came from chimps: chimps and humans are cousins who both changed from a common ancestor.

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**Who acts:** people, chimps, cousins · **What happens:** be, come, change · **To what, where:** myth, chimps, cousins, common ancestor

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This is a sentence of the lesson «How close are apes to us?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, chimps, cousins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:017-how-close-are-apes-to-us.lesson:7
# text = It is a myth that people came from chimps: chimps and humans are cousins who both changed from a common ancestor.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 017-how-close-are-apes-to-us.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	expl	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	myth	myth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	csubj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:acl
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	chimps	chimp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
11	chimps	chimp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	humans	human	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	cousins	cousin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	parataxis	_	_
16	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
17	both	both	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
19	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	ancestor	ancestor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a myth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | past | people |  |  | chimps |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from chimp=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **is a** | present | chimps and humans | cousins |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **change** | past | cousins |  |  | a common ancestor |  | both *property* | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.material PP.result»: agent=Agent from ancestor=Initial\_State |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:017-how-close-are-apes-to-us.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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