--- title: Young apes make a panting laugh when tickled or play-wrestling, whic… — How close are apes to us? · tree and pragmatics description: Young apes make a panting laugh when tickled or play-wrestling, which shows it is only a game; human laughter probably came from this play-panting. Who acts: Young apes, wrestling, DNA, human laughter. A sentence of the lesson «How close are apes to us?» of the biology course of Mova's primary schoo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [How close are apes to us?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/) / 9 # How close are apes to us?, sentence 9 Young apes make a panting laugh when tickled or play-wrestling, which shows it is only a game; human laughter probably came from this play-panting. **Who acts:** Young apes, wrestling, DNA, human laughter · **What happens:** make, tickle, play, show, be, come · **To what, where:** panting laugh, wrestling, game, play panting · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «How close are apes to us?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Young apes, wrestling, DNA, human laughter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:017-how-close-are-apes-to-us.lesson:9 # text = Young apes make a panting laugh when tickled or play-wrestling, which shows it is only a game; human laughter probably came from this play-panting. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 017-how-close-are-apes-to-us.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 apes ape NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 panting panting NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 6 laugh laugh NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 7 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 8 advmod _ _ 8 tickled tickle VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 advcl _ _ 9 or or CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 play play VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 conj _ _ 11 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 12 punct _ _ 12 wrestling wrestling NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 15 nsubj _ _ 15 shows show VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 acl:relcl _ _ 16 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 17 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 cop _ _ 18 only only ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 game game NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 ccomp _ _ 21 ; ; PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 human human ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 laughter laughter NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 24 probably probably ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 26 from from ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 27 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 30 det _ _ 28 play play NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 compound _ _ 29 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 28 punct _ _ 30 panting panting NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present | Young apes | a panting laugh | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset laugh=Product | | 2 | **tickle** | participle | Young apes *not said here* | | | | | | vn tingle-40.8.2 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **play** | infinitive | Young apes *not said here* | wrestling | | | | | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wrestling=Theme | | 4 | **show** | present | wrestling | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is a** | present | DNA | a game | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **come** | past | human laughter | | | this play panting | | probably *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from panting=Initial\_Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:017-how-close-are-apes-to-us.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How close are apes to us?, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/8/) - next →: [How close are apes to us?, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/)