--- title: Adélie penguins build nests of small stones to keep their eggs above… — Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-bloode… · tree and pragmatics description: Adélie penguins build nests of small stones to keep their eggs above melting snow, and they often steal stones from their neighbours' nests. Who acts: Adélie penguins, penguins. A sentence of the lesson «Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins» of the biolo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, cl…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/) / 10 # Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins, sentence 10 Adélie penguins build nests of small stones to keep their eggs above melting snow, and they often steal stones from their neighbours' nests. **Who acts:** Adélie penguins, penguins · **What happens:** build, keep, melt, steal · **To what, where:** nests, eggs, melting snow, stones This is a sentence of the lesson «Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Adélie penguins, penguins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins.lesson:10 # text = Adélie penguins build nests of small stones to keep their eggs above melting snow, and they often steal stones from their neighbours' nests. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Adélie Adélie PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 penguins penguin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 build build VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 nests nest NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 stones stone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 8 to to PART TO _ 9 mark _ _ 9 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 10 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 eggs egg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obj _ _ 12 above above ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 melting melt VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=14:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 14 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 17 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 18 often often ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 19 steal steal VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 20 stones stone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ _ 21 from from ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 22 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ _ 23 neighbours neighbour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nmod:poss _ _ 24 ' 's PART POS _ 23 case _ _ 25 nests nest NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:nmod 26 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **build** | present | Adélie penguins | nests of small stones | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nest=Product | | 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | Adélie penguins *not said here* | penguins's eggs | | melting snow | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent egg=Theme above snow=Location | | 3 | **melt** | gerund | | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **steal** | present | penguins *= penguin* | stones | | penguins's neighbours's nests | | often *property* | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent stone=Theme from nest=Source | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, cl…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/9/) - next →: [Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, cl…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/)