--- title: Emperor penguins huddle in big groups to keep warm in the Antarctic… — Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-bloode… · tree and pragmatics description: Emperor penguins huddle in big groups to keep warm in the Antarctic winter, and the males hold the egg on their feet under a warm fold of skin for about two months without eating while the females feed at sea; partners and chicks find each other in the crowd by their calls. Who acts: Emperor penguin --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, cl…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/) / 4 # Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins, sentence 4 Emperor penguins huddle in big groups to keep warm in the Antarctic winter, and the males hold the egg on their feet under a warm fold of skin for about two months without eating while the females feed at sea; partners and chicks find each other in the crowd by their calls. **Who acts:** Emperor penguins, males, females, partners, penguins · **What happens:** huddle, keep, hold, eat, feed, find · **To what, where:** big groups, egg, feet, sea, each, crowd · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Emperor penguins, males, females, partners), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins.lesson:4 # text = Emperor penguins huddle in big groups to keep warm in the Antarctic winter, and the males hold the egg on their feet under a warm fold of skin for about two months without eating while the females feed at sea; partners and chicks find each other in the crowd by their calls. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 Emperor emperor NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 penguins penguin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:compound 3 huddle huddle VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 groups group NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 keep keep VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 9 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 xcomp _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 Antarctic Antarctic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:compound|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 13 winter winter NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:obl 14 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 males male NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 18 hold hold VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 egg egg NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 on on ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ _ 23 feet foot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl _ _ 24 under under ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 fold fold NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=23:nmod 28 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nmod _ _ 30 for for ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 31 about about ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 32 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 33 nummod _ _ 33 months month NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl _ _ 34 without without SCONJ IN _ 35 mark _ _ 35 eating eat VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 18 advcl _ _ 36 while while SCONJ IN _ 39 mark _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 females female NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 nsubj _ _ 39 feed feed VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 advcl _ _ 40 at at ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 42 ; ; PUNCT , _ 43 punct _ _ 43 partners partner NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 nsubj _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 45 chicks chick NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 conj _ _ 46 find find VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 47 each each DET DT ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp 46 obj _ _ 48 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 47 fixed _ _ 49 in in ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 50 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 51 crowd crowd NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obl _ _ 52 by by ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 53 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 54 nmod:poss _ _ 54 calls call NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=51:nmod 55 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=46:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **huddle** | present | Emperor penguins | | | big groups | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in group=Location | | 2 | **keep** | to-infinitive | Emperor penguins *not said here* | | | | winter | warm *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **hold** | present | the males | the egg | | penguins's feet | month | under a warm fold of skin | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent egg=Theme on foot=Location | | 4 | **eat** | gerund | the males *not said here* | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **feed** | present | the females | | | sea | | | vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **find** | present | partners and chicks | each | | the crowd | | by penguins's calls | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Topic | | 7 | **call** | | penguins *= penguin* | | | | | | nom call «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, cl…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/3/) - next →: [Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, cl…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/)