--- title: Manta rays fly through the water on wings wider than a car is long a… — Reef giants and wanderers: whale sharks, mantas,… · tree and pragmatics description: Manta rays fly through the water on wings wider than a car is long and sometimes leap right out of the sea, while dugongs graze on sea grass like underwater cows. Who acts: Manta rays, car, dugongs. A sentence of the lesson «Reef giants and wanderers: whale sharks, mantas, dugongs and sea turtles» o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/174-reef-giants-and-wanderers-whale-sharks-mantas-dugongs-and-sea-turtles/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Reef giants and wanderers: whale shark…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/174-reef-giants-and-wanderers-whale-sharks-mantas-dugongs-and-sea-turtles/) / 1 # Reef giants and wanderers: whale sharks, mantas, dugongs and sea turtles, sentence 1 Manta rays fly through the water on wings wider than a car is long and sometimes leap right out of the sea, while dugongs graze on sea grass like underwater cows. **Who acts:** Manta rays, car, dugongs · **What happens:** fly, be, leap, graze · **To what, where:** water, wings, sea This is a sentence of the lesson «Reef giants and wanderers: whale sharks, mantas, dugongs and sea turtles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Manta rays, car, dugongs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:174-reef-giants-and-wanderers-whale-sharks-mantas-dugongs-and-sea-turtles.lesson:1 # text = Manta rays fly through the water on wings wider than a car is long and sometimes leap right out of the sea, while dugongs graze on sea grass like underwater cows. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 174-reef-giants-and-wanderers-whale-sharks-mantas-dugongs-and-sea-turtles.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Manta manta NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 rays ray NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 fly fly VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 through through ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 on on ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 wings wing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 9 wider wide ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 8 advmod _ _ 10 than than SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 car car NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 14 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 acl _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 16 sometimes sometimes ADV RB PronType=Ind 17 advmod _ _ 17 leap leap VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=14:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 18 right right ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 19 out out ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 while while SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ _ 25 dugongs dugong NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj _ _ 26 graze graze VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=17:conj 27 on on ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 compound _ _ 29 grass grass NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 30 like like ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 underwater underwater ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=32:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 32 cows cow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=29:nmod 33 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fly** | present | Manta rays | | | the water | | on wings | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through water=Location | | 2 | **is** | present | a car | wings *not said here* | | | | long *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **leap** | present | a car *not said here* | | | the sea | | sometimes *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out sea=Trajectory | | 4 | **graze** | present | dugongs | | | | | like underwater cows; on sea grass | vn dine-39.5 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent on grass=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:174-reef-giants-and-wanderers-whale-sharks-mantas-dugongs-and-sea-turtles.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Coral reef partners and tricksters: cl…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/173-coral-reef-partners-and-tricksters-clownfish-cleaners-mimics-and-puffers/14/) - next →: [Reef giants and wanderers: whale shark…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/174-reef-giants-and-wanderers-whale-sharks-mantas-dugongs-and-sea-turtles/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/174-reef-giants-and-wanderers-whale-sharks-mantas-dugongs-and-sea-turtles/)