--- title: Bat droppings, called guano, pile into huge heaps that feed cave bee… — Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworm… · tree and pragmatics description: Bat droppings, called guano, pile into huge heaps that feed cave beetles and worms, and guano was once mined as valuable fertilizer. Who acts: Bat droppings, huge heaps. A sentence of the lesson «Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworms and a sealed cave» of the biology course of Mova's pri --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/) / 11 # Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworms and a sealed cave, sentence 11 Bat droppings, called guano, pile into huge heaps that feed cave beetles and worms, and guano was once mined as valuable fertilizer. **Who acts:** Bat droppings, huge heaps · **What happens:** call, pile, feed, mine · **To what, where:** guano, Bat droppings, huge heaps, cave beetles · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworms and a sealed cave» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bat droppings, huge heaps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave.lesson:11 # text = Bat droppings, called guano, pile into huge heaps that feed cave beetles and worms, and guano was once mined as valuable fertilizer. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Bat bat NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 droppings dropping NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 4 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 acl _ _ 5 guano guano NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:obj 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 pile pile VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 into into ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 heaps heap NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ _ 11 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj _ _ 12 feed feed VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 acl:relcl _ _ 13 cave cave NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 beetles beetle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 worms worm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 conj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 19 guano guano NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj:pass _ _ 20 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux:pass _ _ 21 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 22 advmod _ _ 22 mined mine VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 conj _ _ 23 as as ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 valuable valuable ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 fertilizer fertilizer NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **call** | participle | Bat droppings *not said here* | guano | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **pile** | present · passive | | Bat droppings | | huge heaps | | | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme into heap=Destination | | 3 | **feed** | present | huge heaps | | cave beetles and worms | | | | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beetle=Recipient | | 4 | **mine** | past · passive | | guano | | | | as valuable fertilizer; once *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/10/) - next →: [Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/)