--- title: Movile Cave in Romania was sealed off for millions of years until 19… — Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworm… · tree and pragmatics description: Movile Cave in Romania was sealed off for millions of years until 1986; bacteria make food from chemicals, and dozens of kinds of animals live there, most of them nowhere else. Who acts: bacteria, dozens. A sentence of the lesson «Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworms and a sealed cave» --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/) / 14 # Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworms and a sealed cave, sentence 14 Movile Cave in Romania was sealed off for millions of years until 1986; bacteria make food from chemicals, and dozens of kinds of animals live there, most of them nowhere else. **Who acts:** bacteria, dozens · **What happens:** seal off, make, live · **To what, where:** Movile Cave, food, chemicals This is a sentence of the lesson «Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworms and a sealed cave» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bacteria, dozens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave.lesson:14 # text = Movile Cave in Romania was sealed off for millions of years until 1986; bacteria make food from chemicals, and dozens of kinds of animals live there, most of them nowhere else. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Movile Movile PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 Cave cave PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj:pass _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=6:nsubj:pass|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 3 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 Romania Romania PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 5 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass _ _ 6 sealed seal VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 7 off off ADP RP _ 6 compound:prt _ _ 8 for for ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 millions million NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nmod _ _ 12 until until ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 1986 1986 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 6 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:nmod 14 ; ; PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 bacteria bacteria NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 16 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 17 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 18 from from ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 chemicals chemical NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=16:punct 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 22 dozens dozen NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 kinds kind NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nmod _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nmod _ _ 27 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 28 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 27 advmod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 30 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 33 nsubj _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nmod _ _ 33 nowhere nowhere ADV RB PronType=Neg 16 advmod _ _ 34 else else ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **seal off** | past · passive | | Movile Cave in Romania | | | until 1986 | for millions of years | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **make** | present | bacteria | food | | chemicals | | nowhere *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset food=Product from chemical=Material | | 3 | **live** | present | dozens of kinds of animals | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/13/) - next →: [The Galápagos: giant tortoises, sea ig…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/180-the-galapagos-giant-tortoises-sea-iguanas-darwins-finches-and-tame-sea-lions/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/)