--- title: Bracken Cave in Texas has millions of bats that fly out at dusk to e… — Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworm… · tree and pragmatics description: Bracken Cave in Texas has millions of bats that fly out at dusk to eat insects, a cloud so big it shows on weather radar, and they eat tons of insects every night. Who acts: Bracken Cave, bats, chain, millions. A sentence of the lesson «Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworms and a sealed --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/) / 4 # Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworms and a sealed cave, sentence 4 Bracken Cave in Texas has millions of bats that fly out at dusk to eat insects, a cloud so big it shows on weather radar, and they eat tons of insects every night. **Who acts:** Bracken Cave, bats, chain, millions · **What happens:** have, fly out, eat, show · **To what, where:** millions, insects, weather radar, tons This is a sentence of the lesson «Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworms and a sealed cave» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bracken Cave, bats, chain, millions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave.lesson:4 # text = Bracken Cave in Texas has millions of bats that fly out at dusk to eat insects, a cloud so big it shows on weather radar, and they eat tons of insects every night. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Bracken bracken PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 2 Cave cave PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 3 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 Texas Texas PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 5 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 millions million NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 bats bat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nmod _ _ 9 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 10 nsubj _ _ 10 fly fly VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 acl:relcl _ _ 11 out out ADP RP _ 10 compound:prt _ _ 12 at at ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 dusk dusk NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 14 to to PART TO _ 15 mark _ _ 15 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 advcl _ _ 16 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 cloud cloud NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 appos _ _ 20 so so ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 21 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 22 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 23 shows show VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 advcl _ _ 24 on on ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 weather weather NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 26 radar radar NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 29 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 eat eat VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 31 tons ton NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obj _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 insects insect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nmod _ _ 34 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 35 det _ _ 35 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl:unmarked _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | Bracken Cave in Texas | millions of bats | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent million=Patient | | 2 | **fly out** | present | bats | | | | dusk | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **eat** | to-infinitive | bats *not said here* | insects | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Patient | | 4 | **show** | present | chain | | | weather radar | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **eat** | present | millions *= million* | tons of insects | | | night | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ton=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/3/) - next →: [Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/)