--- title: Blind cave fish have lost their eyes because in total darkness eyes… — Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworm… · tree and pragmatics description: Blind cave fish have lost their eyes because in total darkness eyes are useless and making them costs energy; Mexican cave fish have river relatives with eyes. Who acts: Blind cave fish, eyes, Mexican cave fish. A sentence of the lesson «Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworms and a sealed --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/) / 6 # Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworms and a sealed cave, sentence 6 Blind cave fish have lost their eyes because in total darkness eyes are useless and making them costs energy; Mexican cave fish have river relatives with eyes. **Who acts:** Blind cave fish, eyes, Mexican cave fish · **What happens:** lose, be, make, cost, have · **To what, where:** eyes, energy, river relatives This is a sentence of the lesson «Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm, glowworms and a sealed cave» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Blind cave fish, eyes, Mexican cave fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave.lesson:6 # text = Blind cave fish have lost their eyes because in total darkness eyes are useless and making them costs energy; Mexican cave fish have river relatives with eyes. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1 1 Blind blind ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 2 cave cave NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 4 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 lost lose VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 6 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 8 because because SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 11 fixed _ _ 10 total total ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 darkness darkness NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 12 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 13 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 14 useless useless ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 advcl _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 making make VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 conj _ _ 17 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ _ 18 costs cost VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 19 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 21 Mexican Mexican ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 22 cave cave NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound _ _ 23 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 24 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=18:conj 25 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 26 relatives relative NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obj _ _ 27 with with ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nmod _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lose** | present · perfect | Blind cave fish | fish's eyes | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Eventuality | | 2 | **is** | present | eyes | | | | | total darkness *obl*; useless *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **make** | gerund | eyes *not said here* | eyes *= eye* | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product | | 4 | **cost** | present | Blind cave fish *not said here* | energy | | | | | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme energy=Value | | 5 | **have** | present | Mexican cave fish | river relatives | | | | with eyes | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent relative=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/5/) - next →: [Caves: bat clouds, blind fish, the olm…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/179-caves-bat-clouds-blind-fish-the-olm-glowworms-and-a-sealed-cave/)