--- title: Wild lions now live mainly in parts of Africa, and Asiatic lions onl… — The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts… · tree and pragmatics description: Wild lions now live mainly in parts of Africa, and Asiatic lions only in and around Gir Forest in India, where a 2025 count was reported at about 890; lions lose land to farms and are killed when they attack cattle. Who acts: Wild lions, lions, farms. A sentence of the lesson «The lion: why people c --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The lion: why people call it «king of…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/) / 17 # The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars, sentence 17 Wild lions now live mainly in parts of Africa, and Asiatic lions only in and around Gir Forest in India, where a 2025 count was reported at about 890; lions lose land to farms and are killed when they attack cattle. **Who acts:** Wild lions, lions, farms · **What happens:** live, report, lose, kill, attack · **To what, where:** parts, 2025 count, 890, land, cattle This is a sentence of the lesson «The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wild lions, lions, farms), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:018-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts.lesson:17 # text = Wild lions now live mainly in parts of Africa, and Asiatic lions only in and around Gir Forest in India, where a 2025 count was reported at about 890; lions lose land to farms and are killed when they attack cattle. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 018-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Wild wild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 lions lion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 now now ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 mainly mainly ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 parts part NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 Africa Africa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 12 Asiatic Asiatic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 lions lion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 14 only only ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 15 in in ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 17 around around ADP IN _ 15 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=19:case 18 Gir Gir PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 Forest Forest PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 20 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 nmod _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 23 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 28 advmod _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 2025 2025 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 26 nummod _ _ 26 count count NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj:pass _ _ 27 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 aux:pass _ _ 28 reported report VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 acl:relcl _ _ 29 at at ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 about about ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 31 890 890 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 28 obl _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ _ 33 lions lion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nsubj _ _ 34 lose lose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 35 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 36 to to ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 farms farm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=35:nmod 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 39 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 aux:pass _ _ 40 killed kill VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 34 conj _ _ 41 when when SCONJ WRB _ 43 mark _ _ 42 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 43 nsubj _ _ 43 attack attack VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 advcl _ _ 44 cattle cattle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 43 obj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=43:obj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 45 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | present | Wild lions | | | parts of Africa | now | mainly *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in part=Location | | 2 | **report** | past · passive | | a 2025 count | | 890 | | | vn prosecute-33.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 3 | **lose** | present | lions | land | | | | to farms | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Eventuality | | 4 | **kill** | present · passive | lions *not said here* | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» | | 5 | **attack** | present | farms *= farm* | cattle | | | | | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cattle=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:018-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts.lesson:17`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The lion: why people call it «king of…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/16/) - next →: [The tiger: the biggest and strongest c…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/19-the-tiger/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/)