--- title: Only male lions grow manes; a mane makes a lion look bigger and prot… — The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts… · tree and pragmatics description: Only male lions grow manes; a mane makes a lion look bigger and protects his neck in fights, and a dark full mane shows he is healthy, though in very hot places some males have thin manes or none. Who acts: male lions, mane, lion, dark full mane. A sentence of the lesson «The lion: why people call i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The lion: why people call it «king of…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/) / 5 # The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars, sentence 5 Only male lions grow manes; a mane makes a lion look bigger and protects his neck in fights, and a dark full mane shows he is healthy, though in very hot places some males have thin manes or none. **Who acts:** male lions, mane, lion, dark full mane, males · **What happens:** grow, make, look, protect, show, be · **To what, where:** manes, lion, neck, fights, thin manes, hot places · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (male lions, mane, lion, dark full mane), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:018-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts.lesson:5 # text = Only male lions grow manes; a mane makes a lion look bigger and protects his neck in fights, and a dark full mane shows he is healthy, though in very hot places some males have thin manes or none. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 018-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Only only ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:advmod 2 male male ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 lions lion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:parataxis 5 manes mane NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 6 ; ; PUNCT : _ 4 punct _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 mane mane NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 9 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=0:root 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 lion lion NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 look look VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 xcomp _ _ 13 bigger big ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 12 xcomp _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 15 protects protect VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 16 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 neck neck NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 fights fight NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 23 dark dark ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 24 full full ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 mane mane NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 26 shows show VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 27 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 28 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 29 healthy healthy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 ccomp _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 31 though though SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 33 very very ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 34 hot hot ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 35 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 obl _ _ 36 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 37 det _ _ 37 males male NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 nsubj _ _ 38 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:advcl 39 thin thin ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 manes mane NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 obj _ _ 41 or or CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 42 none none PRON NN PronType=Neg 40 conj _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=9:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow** | present | male lions | manes | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location mane=Theme | | 2 | **make** | present | a mane | a lion | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **look** | infinitive | a lion *not said here* | | | | | big *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | | 4 | **protect** | present | a mane *not said here* | lion's neck | | fights | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent neck=Beneficiary | | 5 | **show** | present | a dark full mane | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **is** | present | lion | | | | | healthy *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **have** | present | some males | thin manes | | hot places | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mane=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:018-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The lion: why people call it «king of…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/4/) - next →: [The lion: why people call it «king of…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/)