--- title: Lions do not live in jungles but in African savanna, grassland and o… — The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts… · tree and pragmatics description: Lions do not live in jungles but in African savanna, grassland and open woodland, and in the Gir Forest, a dry forest in India; king of the beasts is the better old name. Who acts: Lions, king. A sentence of the lesson «The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars» of the biol --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The lion: why people call it «king of…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/) / 8 # The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars, sentence 8 Lions do not live in jungles but in African savanna, grassland and open woodland, and in the Gir Forest, a dry forest in India; king of the beasts is the better old name. **Who acts:** Lions, king · **What happens:** not live, be · **To what, where:** jungles, better old name This is a sentence of the lesson «The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lions, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:018-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts.lesson:8 # text = Lions do not live in jungles but in African savanna, grassland and open woodland, and in the Gir Forest, a dry forest in India; king of the beasts is the better old name. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 018-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Lions lion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 2 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 4 advmod _ _ 4 live live VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 jungles jungle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 7 but but CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 African African ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 savanna savanna NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 grassland grassland NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 14 open open ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 woodland woodland NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 Gir Gir PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 compound _ _ 21 Forest Forest PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:nmod 22 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 forest forest NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 appos _ _ 26 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 28 ; ; PUNCT : _ 10 punct _ _ 29 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ _ 30 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 beasts beast NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nmod _ _ 33 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 35 better good ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 37 amod _ _ 36 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **live** | present · do-support | Lions | | | jungles but African savanna and grassland and open woodland and the Gir Forest | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in jungle=Location | | 2 | **is a** | present | king of the beasts | the better old name | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:018-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The lion: why people call it «king of…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/7/) - next →: [The lion: why people call it «king of…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/)