--- title: Male frigatebirds puff up a big red throat pouch to attract females,… — The Galápagos: giant tortoises, sea iguanas, Dar… · tree and pragmatics description: Male frigatebirds puff up a big red throat pouch to attract females, and frigatebirds can stay in the air for weeks without landing. Who acts: Male frigatebirds, frigatebirds. A sentence of the lesson «The Galápagos: giant tortoises, sea iguanas, Darwin's finches and tame sea lions» of the biology c --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/180-the-galapagos-giant-tortoises-sea-iguanas-darwins-finches-and-tame-sea-lions/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The Galápagos: giant tortoises, sea ig…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/180-the-galapagos-giant-tortoises-sea-iguanas-darwins-finches-and-tame-sea-lions/) / 14 # The Galápagos: giant tortoises, sea iguanas, Darwin's finches and tame sea lions, sentence 14 Male frigatebirds puff up a big red throat pouch to attract females, and frigatebirds can stay in the air for weeks without landing. **Who acts:** Male frigatebirds, frigatebirds · **What happens:** puff up, attract, stay, land · **To what, where:** big red throat pouch, females, air This is a sentence of the lesson «The Galápagos: giant tortoises, sea iguanas, Darwin's finches and tame sea lions» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Male frigatebirds, frigatebirds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:180-the-galapagos-giant-tortoises-sea-iguanas-darwins-finches-and-tame-sea-lions.lesson:14 # text = Male frigatebirds puff up a big red throat pouch to attract females, and frigatebirds can stay in the air for weeks without landing. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 180-the-galapagos-giant-tortoises-sea-iguanas-darwins-finches-and-tame-sea-lions.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2 1 Male male ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 frigatebirds frigatebird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 puff puff VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 up up ADP RP _ 3 compound:prt _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 6 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 7 red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 8 throat throat NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound _ _ 9 pouch pouch NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 10 to to PART TO _ 11 mark _ _ 11 attract attract VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:acl 12 females female NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=11:cc 15 frigatebirds frigatebird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ _ 16 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 stay stay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:conj 18 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 21 for for ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 weeks week NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl _ _ 23 without without SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 24 landing land VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 17 advcl _ _ 25 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **puff up** | present | Male frigatebirds | a big red throat pouch | | | | | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location pouch=Source | | 2 | **attract** | to-infinitive | Male frigatebirds *not said here* | females | | | | | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent female=Patient | | 3 | **stay** | can | frigatebirds | | | the air | week | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location | | 4 | **land** | gerund | frigatebirds *not said here* | | | | | | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:180-the-galapagos-giant-tortoises-sea-iguanas-darwins-finches-and-tame-sea-lions.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Galápagos: giant tortoises, sea ig…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/180-the-galapagos-giant-tortoises-sea-iguanas-darwins-finches-and-tame-sea-lions/13/) - next →: [The Galápagos: giant tortoises, sea ig…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/180-the-galapagos-giant-tortoises-sea-iguanas-darwins-finches-and-tame-sea-lions/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/180-the-galapagos-giant-tortoises-sea-iguanas-darwins-finches-and-tame-sea-lions/)