--- title: Salmon swim upstream from the sea to the river where they hatched, f… — Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hipp… · tree and pragmatics description: Salmon swim upstream from the sea to the river where they hatched, finding it by smell, and leftovers from bears catching salmon help feed forest trees. Who acts: Salmon, bears, leftovers. A sentence of the lesson «Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant catfish and the Pantanal» o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocod…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/) / 12 # Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant catfish and the Pantanal, sentence 12 Salmon swim upstream from the sea to the river where they hatched, finding it by smell, and leftovers from bears catching salmon help feed forest trees. **Who acts:** Salmon, bears, leftovers · **What happens:** swim, hatch, find, catch, help, feed · **To what, where:** river, shoebill, salmon, forest trees This is a sentence of the lesson «Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant catfish and the Pantanal» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Salmon, bears, leftovers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal.lesson:12 # text = Salmon swim upstream from the sea to the river where they hatched, finding it by smell, and leftovers from bears catching salmon help feed forest trees. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Salmon salmon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 swim swim VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 upstream upstream ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 4 from from ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 to to ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:nmod 10 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 12 advmod _ _ 11 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 12 hatched hatch VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 acl:relcl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 14 finding find VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 12 advcl _ _ 15 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 obj _ _ 16 by by ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 smell smell NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=23:punct 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 20 leftovers leftover NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ _ 21 from from ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 bears bear NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nmod _ _ 23 catching catch VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 22 acl _ _ 24 salmon salmon NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 25 help help VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 26 feed feed VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 xcomp _ _ 27 forest forest NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 compound _ _ 28 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obj _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **swim** | present | Salmon | | | the river | | upstream *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to river=Destination | | 2 | **hatch** | past | Salmon | | | | | | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **find** | gerund | Salmon *not said here* | shoebill | | | | by smell | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic | | 4 | **catch** | gerund | bears *not said here* | salmon | | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salmon=Theme | | 5 | **help** | present | leftovers from bears | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 6 | **feed** | infinitive | leftovers from bears *not said here* | forest trees | | | | | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocod…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/11/) - next →: [Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocod…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/)