--- title: Rivers hold some of the biggest freshwater fish on Earth, dolphins t… — Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hipp… · tree and pragmatics description: Rivers hold some of the biggest freshwater fish on Earth, dolphins that find food in muddy water by echoes, and in Brazil's Pantanal, jaguars that hunt caimans along the banks. Who acts: Rivers, dolphins, jaguars. A sentence of the lesson «Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant ca --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocod…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/) / 2 # Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant catfish and the Pantanal, sentence 2 Rivers hold some of the biggest freshwater fish on Earth, dolphins that find food in muddy water by echoes, and in Brazil's Pantanal, jaguars that hunt caimans along the banks. **Who acts:** Rivers, dolphins, jaguars · **What happens:** hold, find, hunt · **To what, where:** some, food, muddy water, caimans, banks This is a sentence of the lesson «Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant catfish and the Pantanal» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rivers, dolphins, jaguars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal.lesson:2 # text = Rivers hold some of the biggest freshwater fish on Earth, dolphins that find food in muddy water by echoes, and in Brazil's Pantanal, jaguars that hunt caimans along the banks. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Rivers river NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 hold hold VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 2 obj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 6 biggest big ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 8 amod _ _ 7 freshwater freshwater NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 8 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:nmod|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 9 on on ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 dolphins dolphin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 appos _ _ 13 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 14 nsubj _ _ 14 find find VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 acl:relcl _ _ 15 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 muddy muddy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 19 by by ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 echoes echo NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 Brazil Brazil PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nmod:poss _ _ 25 's 's PART POS _ 24 case _ _ 26 Pantanal Pantanal PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 jaguars jaguar NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 appos _ _ 29 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 30 nsubj _ _ 30 hunt hunt VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 acl:relcl _ _ 31 caimans caiman NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obj _ _ 32 along along ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 banks bank NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obl _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hold** | present | Rivers | some | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Theme | | 2 | **find** | present | dolphins and Brazil's Pantanal | food | | muddy water | | by echoes | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Topic | | 3 | **hunt** | present | jaguars | caimans | | the banks | | | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent caiman=Theme along bank=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocod…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/1/) - next →: [Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocod…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/)