--- title: Nile crocodiles wait at places where wildebeest and zebras cross riv… — Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hipp… · tree and pragmatics description: Nile crocodiles wait at places where wildebeest and zebras cross rivers to reach new grass, and after a big meal a crocodile can go many months without eating. Who acts: Nile crocodiles, wildebeest, crocodile. A sentence of the lesson «Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant catfis --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocod…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/) / 4 # Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant catfish and the Pantanal, sentence 4 Nile crocodiles wait at places where wildebeest and zebras cross rivers to reach new grass, and after a big meal a crocodile can go many months without eating. **Who acts:** Nile crocodiles, wildebeest, crocodile · **What happens:** wait, cross, reach, go, eat · **To what, where:** places, rivers, new grass This is a sentence of the lesson «Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant catfish and the Pantanal» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nile crocodiles, wildebeest, crocodile), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal.lesson:4 # text = Nile crocodiles wait at places where wildebeest and zebras cross rivers to reach new grass, and after a big meal a crocodile can go many months without eating. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Nile Nile NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:compound|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 2 crocodiles crocodile NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 wait wait VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 4 at at ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 6 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 10 advmod _ _ 7 wildebeest wildebeest NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=7:cc 9 zebras zebra NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 conj _ _ 10 cross cross VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 11 rivers river NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 reach reach VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:acl 14 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 grass grass NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=3:cc 18 after after ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 meal meal NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 crocodile crocodile NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 24 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 25 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 26 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 months month NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obl _ _ 28 without without SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 29 eating eat VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 25 advcl _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **wait** | present | Nile crocodiles | | | places | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at place=Location | | 2 | **cross** | present | wildebeest and zebras | rivers | | | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Patient | | 3 | **reach** | to-infinitive | wildebeest and zebras *not said here* | new grass | | | | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent grass=Theme | | 4 | **go** | can | a crocodile | | | | after a big meal; month | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **eat** | gerund | a crocodile *not said here* | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocod…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/3/) - next →: [Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocod…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/)