--- title: Horses are strong runners over long distances, and they can doze sta… — Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest · tree and pragmatics description: Horses are strong runners over long distances, and they can doze standing up because tendons (strong cords joining muscles to bones) lock their legs, ready to run the moment they wake. Who acts: Horses, strong cords, tendons. A sentence of the lesson «Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest» of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Record-breakers: the fastest and the s…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest/) / 15 # Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest, sentence 15 Horses are strong runners over long distances, and they can doze standing up because tendons (strong cords joining muscles to bones) lock their legs, ready to run the moment they wake. **Who acts:** Horses, strong cords, tendons · **What happens:** be, doze, stand up, join, lock, run · **To what, where:** strong runners, muscles, legs, moment This is a sentence of the lesson «Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Horses, strong cords, tendons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest.lesson:15 # text = Horses are strong runners over long distances, and they can doze standing up because tendons (strong cords joining muscles to bones) lock their legs, ready to run the moment they wake. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Horses horse NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 strong strong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 runners runner NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 5 over over ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 distances distance NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl:unmarked _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 10 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 11 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 12 doze doze VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 13 standing stand VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 12 xcomp _ _ 14 up up ADV RB _ 13 compound:prt _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:advmod 15 because because SCONJ IN _ 25 mark _ _ 16 tendons tendon NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ _ 17 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 19 punct _ _ 18 strong strong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 cords cord NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 appos _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:conj 20 joining join VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 19 acl _ _ 21 muscles muscle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obj _ _ 22 to to ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 bones bone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:nmod 24 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 19 punct _ _ 25 lock lock VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:advcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 26 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ _ 27 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obj _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 29 ready ready ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 conj _ _ 30 to to PART TO _ 31 mark _ _ 31 run run VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 29 xcomp _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 moment moment NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 34 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 35 wake wake VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 acl:relcl _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Horses | strong runners | | | | long distances *obl:unmarked* | tree rules | | 2 | **doze** | can | Horses *= horse* | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **stand up** | gerund | Horses *= horse* *not said here* | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **join** | gerund | strong cords *not said here* | muscles | | | | to bones | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent muscle=Patient to bone=Co-Patient | | 5 | **lock** | present | tendons | tendons's legs | | | | | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient | | 6 | **run** | to-infinitive | Horses *= horse* *not said here* | | | | moment | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **wake** | present | Horses *= horse* | the moment *not said here* | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent moment=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Record-breakers: the fastest and the s…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest/14/) - next →: [Record-breakers: the fastest and the s…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest/)