--- title: The bumblebee bat, about the size of a big bumblebee and weighing ab… — Record-breakers: the biggest and the smallest · tree and pragmatics description: The bumblebee bat, about the size of a big bumblebee and weighing about two grams, is one of the smallest mammals, and small bodies need little food but lose heat fast. Who acts: bumblebee bat, small bodies. A sentence of the lesson «Record-breakers: the biggest and the smallest» of the biology cour --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/186-record-breakers-the-biggest-and-the-smallest/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Record-breakers: the biggest and the s…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/186-record-breakers-the-biggest-and-the-smallest/) / 7 # Record-breakers: the biggest and the smallest, sentence 7 The bumblebee bat, about the size of a big bumblebee and weighing about two grams, is one of the smallest mammals, and small bodies need little food but lose heat fast. **Who acts:** bumblebee bat, small bodies · **What happens:** weigh, be, need, lose · **To what, where:** two grams, one, little food, heat This is a sentence of the lesson «Record-breakers: the biggest and the smallest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bumblebee bat, small bodies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:186-record-breakers-the-biggest-and-the-smallest.lesson:7 # text = The bumblebee bat, about the size of a big bumblebee and weighing about two grams, is one of the smallest mammals, and small bodies need little food but lose heat fast. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 186-record-breakers-the-biggest-and-the-smallest.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 bumblebee bumblebee NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 bat bat NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 5 about about ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 size size NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 appos _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 bumblebee bumblebee NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 weighing weigh VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 7 conj _ _ 14 about about ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 15 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 16 nummod _ _ 16 grams gram NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:obl 17 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 cop _ _ 19 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 0 root _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 22 smallest small ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 23 amod _ _ 23 mammals mammal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nmod _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 26 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 bodies body NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 nsubj _ _ 28 need need VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 29 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 31 but but CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 lose lose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=28:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 33 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 34 fast fast ADV RB Degree=Pos 32 advmod _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 19 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **weigh** | gerund | the bumblebee bat *not said here* | two grams | | | | | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme gram=Value | | 2 | **is a** | present | the bumblebee bat | one | | | | of the smallest mammals | tree rules | | 3 | **need** | present | small bodies | little food | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot food=Theme | | 4 | **lose** | present | small bodies *not said here* | heat | | | | fast *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:186-record-breakers-the-biggest-and-the-smallest.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Record-breakers: the biggest and the s…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/186-record-breakers-the-biggest-and-the-smallest/6/) - next →: [Record-breakers: the biggest and the s…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/186-record-breakers-the-biggest-and-the-smallest/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/186-record-breakers-the-biggest-and-the-smallest/)