---
title: Scientists find these ages by counting rings, like the rings in a tr… — Record-breakers: the loudest and the longest-lived · tree and pragmatics
description: Scientists find these ages by counting rings, like the rings in a tree stump or on a clam's shell, one ring for each year of growth. Who acts: Scientists. A sentence of the lesson «Record-breakers: the loudest and the longest-lived» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency 
---

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# Record-breakers: the loudest and the longest-lived, sentence 2

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Scientists find these ages by counting rings, like the rings in a tree stump or on a clam's shell, one ring for each year of growth.

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**Who acts:** Scientists · **What happens:** find, count · **To what, where:** ages, rings

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Record-breakers: the loudest and the longest-lived» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:187-record-breakers-the-loudest-and-the-longest-lived.lesson:2
# text = Scientists find these ages by counting rings, like the rings in a tree stump or on a clam's shell, one ring for each year of growth.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 187-record-breakers-the-loudest-and-the-longest-lived.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	Scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	find	find	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
4	ages	age	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	counting	count	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	rings	ring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	rings	ring	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	stump	stump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:obl
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	clam	clam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod:poss	_	_
20	's	's	PART	POS	_	19	case	_	_
21	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	_
24	ring	ring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
25	for	for	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	27	det	_	_
27	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | present | Scientists | this ages |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent age=Topic |
| 2 | **count** | gerund | Scientists *not said here* | rings and the rings in a tree stump or a clam's shell and one ring for each year of growth |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:187-record-breakers-the-loudest-and-the-longest-lived.lesson:2`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Record-breakers: the loudest and the l…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/187-record-breakers-the-loudest-and-the-longest-lived/1/)
- next →: [Record-breakers: the loudest and the l…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/187-record-breakers-the-loudest-and-the-longest-lived/3/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/187-record-breakers-the-loudest-and-the-longest-lived/)