--- title: The sperm whale makes the loudest sound of any animal; its clicks ar… — Record-breakers: the loudest and the longest-lived · tree and pragmatics description: The sperm whale makes the loudest sound of any animal; its clicks are made in its huge head, focused like a beam, and could hurt a diver very close by. Who acts: sperm whale, animal. A sentence of the lesson «Record-breakers: the loudest and the longest-lived» of the biology course of Mova's primary --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/187-record-breakers-the-loudest-and-the-longest-lived/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Record-breakers: the loudest and the l…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/187-record-breakers-the-loudest-and-the-longest-lived/) / 4 # Record-breakers: the loudest and the longest-lived, sentence 4 The sperm whale makes the loudest sound of any animal; its clicks are made in its huge head, focused like a beam, and could hurt a diver very close by. **Who acts:** sperm whale, animal · **What happens:** make, focus, hurt, click · **To what, where:** loudest sound, clicks, huge head, diver This is a sentence of the lesson «Record-breakers: the loudest and the longest-lived» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sperm whale, animal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:187-record-breakers-the-loudest-and-the-longest-lived.lesson:4 # text = The sperm whale makes the loudest sound of any animal; its clicks are made in its huge head, focused like a beam, and could hurt a diver very close by. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 187-record-breakers-the-loudest-and-the-longest-lived.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 sperm sperm NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 whale whale NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 loudest loud ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 7 amod _ _ 7 sound sound NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 10 det _ _ 10 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 11 ; ; PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 clicks click NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj:pass _ _ 14 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux:pass _ _ 15 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 parataxis _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 18 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 21 focused focus VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 15 conj _ _ 22 like like ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 beam beam NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 27 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 28 hurt hurt VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 29 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 diver diver NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obj _ _ 31 very very ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 32 close close ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 33 by by ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present | the sperm whale | the loudest sound of any animal | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Product | | 2 | **make** | present · passive | | animal's clicks | | animal's huge head | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | | 3 | **focus** | participle | | | | | | like a beam | vn focus-87.1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **hurt** | could | the sperm whale *not said here* | a diver | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer diver=Patient | | 5 | **click** | | animal | | | | | | nom click «event transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:187-record-breakers-the-loudest-and-the-longest-lived.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Record-breakers: the loudest and the l…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/187-record-breakers-the-loudest-and-the-longest-lived/3/) - next →: [Record-breakers: the loudest and the l…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/187-record-breakers-the-loudest-and-the-longest-lived/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/187-record-breakers-the-loudest-and-the-longest-lived/)