---
title: Many moths rest still on trees looking like bark, and when factory s… — Masters of camouflage · tree and pragmatics
description: Many moths rest still on trees looking like bark, and when factory soot darkened trees, dark moths survived better than pale ones. Who acts: Many moths, trees, factory soot, dark moths. A sentence of the lesson «Masters of camouflage» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependenc
---

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# Masters of camouflage, sentence 11

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Many moths rest still on trees looking like bark, and when factory soot darkened trees, dark moths survived better than pale ones.

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**Who acts:** Many moths, trees, factory soot, dark moths · **What happens:** rest, look, darken, survive · **To what, where:** trees

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Masters of camouflage» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many moths, trees, factory soot, dark moths), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:189-masters-of-camouflage.lesson:11
# text = Many moths rest still on trees looking like bark, and when factory soot darkened trees, dark moths survived better than pale ones.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 189-masters-of-camouflage.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	moths	moth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rest	rest	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	still	still	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:advmod
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	looking	look	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	bark	bark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
12	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	15	mark	_	_
13	factory	factory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	soot	soot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	darkened	darken	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	advcl	_	_
16	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	moths	moth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
20	survived	survive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
21	better	well	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	20	advmod	_	_
22	than	than	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	pale	pale	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rest** | present | Many moths |  |  | trees | still |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on tree=Location |
| 2 | **look** | gerund | trees *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like bark | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **darken** | past | factory soot | trees |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent tree=Patient |
| 4 | **survive** | past | dark moths |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:189-masters-of-camouflage.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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