--- title: Others change: a cuttlefish switches colour and pattern in less than… — Masters of camouflage · tree and pragmatics description: Others change: a cuttlefish switches colour and pattern in less than a second, and a flounder matches the sea floor, while a decorator crab simply dresses itself in sponge and seaweed. Who acts: Others, cuttlefish, flounder, decorator crab. A sentence of the lesson «Masters of camouflage» of the bio --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/189-masters-of-camouflage/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Masters of camouflage](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/189-masters-of-camouflage/) / 2 # Masters of camouflage, sentence 2 Others change: a cuttlefish switches colour and pattern in less than a second, and a flounder matches the sea floor, while a decorator crab simply dresses itself in sponge and seaweed. **Who acts:** Others, cuttlefish, flounder, decorator crab · **What happens:** change, switch, match, dress · **To what, where:** colour, sea floor, crab, sponge This is a sentence of the lesson «Masters of camouflage» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Others, cuttlefish, flounder, decorator crab), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:189-masters-of-camouflage.lesson:2 # text = Others change: a cuttlefish switches colour and pattern in less than a second, and a flounder matches the sea floor, while a decorator crab simply dresses itself in sponge and seaweed. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 189-masters-of-camouflage.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Others other NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:compound 2 change change VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 3 : : PUNCT : _ 6 punct _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 cuttlefish cuttlefish NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 switches switch VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:acl:relcl 7 colour colour NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 9 pattern pattern NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 11 less less ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV 14 advmod _ _ 12 than than ADP IN _ 11 fixed _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 second second NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 flounder flounder NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ _ 19 matches match VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 21 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 22 floor floor NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 24 while while SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 decorator decorator NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 compound _ _ 27 crab crab NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 28 simply simply ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 29 dresses dress VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=19:conj 30 itself itself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 29 obj _ _ 31 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 sponge sponge NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 34 seaweed seaweed NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 conj _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **change** | present | Others | | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **switch** | present | a cuttlefish | colour and pattern | | | second | | vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient | | 3 | **match** | present | a flounder | the sea floor | | | | | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent floor=Patient | | 4 | **dress** | present | a decorator crab | crab | | sponge and seaweed | | simply *property* | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:189-masters-of-camouflage.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Masters of camouflage, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/189-masters-of-camouflage/1/) - next →: [Masters of camouflage, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/189-masters-of-camouflage/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/189-masters-of-camouflage/)