--- title: Tigers live and hunt alone, except mothers with cubs, and each tiger… — The tiger: the biggest and strongest cat, a soli… · tree and pragmatics description: Tigers live and hunt alone, except mothers with cubs, and each tiger needs a big area of its own because its prey is spread out thinly; cubs stay with their mother for about 2 years, learning to hunt. Who acts: Tigers, tiger, cubs. A sentence of the lesson «The tiger: the biggest and strongest cat, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/19-the-tiger/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The tiger: the biggest and strongest c…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/19-the-tiger/) / 8 # The tiger: the biggest and strongest cat, a solitary and cunning hunter, sentence 8 Tigers live and hunt alone, except mothers with cubs, and each tiger needs a big area of its own because its prey is spread out thinly; cubs stay with their mother for about 2 years, learning to hunt. **Who acts:** Tigers, tiger, cubs · **What happens:** live, hunt, need, spread out, stay, learn · **To what, where:** big area, prey This is a sentence of the lesson «The tiger: the biggest and strongest cat, a solitary and cunning hunter» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tigers, tiger, cubs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:019-the-tiger.lesson:8 # text = Tigers live and hunt alone, except mothers with cubs, and each tiger needs a big area of its own because its prey is spread out thinly; cubs stay with their mother for about 2 years, learning to hunt. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 019-the-tiger.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Tigers tiger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 and and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 4 hunt hunt VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 5 alone alone ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 except except ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 mothers mother NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 9 with with ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 cubs cub NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 13 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 14 det _ _ 14 tiger tiger NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 15 needs need VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 area area NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 nmod _ _ 22 because because SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ _ 23 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ _ 24 prey prey NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj:pass _ _ 25 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux:pass _ _ 26 spread spread VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 15 advcl _ _ 27 out out ADP RP _ 26 compound:prt _ _ 28 thinly thinly ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 29 ; ; PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 cubs cub NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj _ _ 31 stay stay VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=15:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 32 with with ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ _ 34 mother mother NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ _ 35 for for ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 36 about about ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 37 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 38 nummod _ _ 38 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obl _ _ 39 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 40 learning learn VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 31 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=31:conj 41 to to PART TO _ 42 mark _ _ 42 hunt hunt VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 40 xcomp _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | present | Tigers | | | | | except mothers with cubs | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **hunt** | present | Tigers *not said here* | | | | | alone *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **need** | present | each tiger | a big area of area's own | | | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot area=Theme | | 4 | **spread out** | present · passive | | area's prey | | | | thinly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | | 5 | **stay** | present | cubs | | | | year | with cubs's mother | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with mother=Location | | 6 | **learn** | gerund | cubs *not said here* | | | | | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **hunt** | to-infinitive | cubs *not said here* | | | | | | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:019-the-tiger.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The tiger: the biggest and strongest c…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/19-the-tiger/7/) - next →: [The tiger: the biggest and strongest c…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/19-the-tiger/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/19-the-tiger/)