--- title: The rule of seven dog years for each human year is only a rough gues… — Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds · tree and pragmatics description: The rule of seven dog years for each human year is only a rough guess: dogs grow up very fast in the first year, then age more slowly, and small dogs usually live longer than big ones. Who acts: rule, dogs, small dogs, seven dog years. A sentence of the lesson «Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breed --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds/) / 15 # Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds, sentence 15 The rule of seven dog years for each human year is only a rough guess: dogs grow up very fast in the first year, then age more slowly, and small dogs usually live longer than big ones. **Who acts:** rule, dogs, small dogs, seven dog years · **What happens:** be, grow up, live, rule · **To what, where:** rough guess This is a sentence of the lesson «Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rule, dogs, small dogs, seven dog years), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds.lesson:15 # text = The rule of seven dog years for each human year is only a rough guess: dogs grow up very fast in the first year, then age more slowly, and small dogs usually live longer than big ones. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 rule rule NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 seven seven NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ _ 5 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound _ _ 6 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ 7 for for ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 10 det _ _ 9 human human ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 11 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 12 only only ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 rough rough ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 guess guess NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 16 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 17 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 18 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 parataxis _ _ 19 up up ADP RP _ 18 compound:prt _ _ 20 very very ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 21 fast fast ADV RB Degree=Pos 18 advmod _ _ 22 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 24 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 25 amod _ _ 25 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 27 then the ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 28 age age NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 parataxis _ _ 29 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 30 advmod _ _ 30 slowly slowly ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 33 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 amod _ _ 34 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 nsubj _ _ 35 usually usually ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 36 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 37 longer long ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 36 advmod _ _ 38 than than ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 ones one NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 obl _ _ 41 . . PUNCT . _ 15 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the rule of seven dog years for each human year | a rough guess | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **grow up** | present | dogs | | | | year | fast *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **live** | present | small dogs | | | | | long, usually *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **rule** | | seven dog years for each human year | | | | | | nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds/14/) - next →: [Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds/)