--- title: A toucan's huge beak is light because it is a honeycomb of bone cove… — The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and… · tree and pragmatics description: A toucan's huge beak is light because it is a honeycomb of bone covered with keratin; it reaches fruit on thin twigs and also lets the bird lose heat, like a radiator. Who acts: huge beak, beak, bird. A sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy» of the biology co --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The rainforest from the top: emergent…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/) / 11 # The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy, sentence 11 A toucan's huge beak is light because it is a honeycomb of bone covered with keratin; it reaches fruit on thin twigs and also lets the bird lose heat, like a radiator. **Who acts:** huge beak, beak, bird · **What happens:** be, cover, reach, let, lose · **To what, where:** honeycomb, bone, fruit, thin twigs, bird, heat This is a sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (huge beak, beak, bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:002-the-rainforest-from-the-top.lesson:11 # text = A toucan's huge beak is light because it is a honeycomb of bone covered with keratin; it reaches fruit on thin twigs and also lets the bird lose heat, like a radiator. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 002-the-rainforest-from-the-top.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:det 2 toucan toucan NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod:poss _ _ 3 's 's PART POS _ 2 case _ _ 4 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 beak beak NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 6 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 7 light light ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 parataxis _ _ 8 because because SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _ 9 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 10 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 honeycomb honeycomb NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 advcl _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 bone bone NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 15 covered cover VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 acl _ _ 16 with with ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 keratin keratin NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 reaches reach VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 21 fruit fruit NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 on on ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 thin thin ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 twigs twig NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:nmod 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 26 also also ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 lets let VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 lose lose VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 27 xcomp _ _ 31 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obj _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 33 like like ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 radiator radiator NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=20:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | a toucan's huge beak | | | | | light *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **is a** | present | beak | a honeycomb | | | | of bone | tree rules | | 3 | **cover** | participle | | bone *not said here* | | | | with keratin | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with keratin=Theme | | 4 | **reach** | present | beak | fruit | | thin twigs | | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent fruit=Theme | | 5 | **let** | present | beak *not said here* | the bird | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **lose** | infinitive | the bird *not said here* | heat | | | | like a radiator | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:002-the-rainforest-from-the-top.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The rainforest from the top: emergent…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/10/) - next →: [The rainforest from the top: emergent…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/)