--- title: Orangutans are the largest tree-living animals, build a fresh sleepi… — The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and… · tree and pragmatics description: Orangutans are the largest tree-living animals, build a fresh sleeping nest of bent branches almost every night and live only on Borneo and Sumatra. Who acts: Orangutans. A sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy» of the biology course of Mova's primary school --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The rainforest from the top: emergent…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/) / 12 # The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy, sentence 12 Orangutans are the largest tree-living animals, build a fresh sleeping nest of bent branches almost every night and live only on Borneo and Sumatra. **Who acts:** Orangutans · **What happens:** live, be, build · **To what, where:** largest living animals, fresh sleeping nest, Borneo This is a sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Orangutans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:002-the-rainforest-from-the-top.lesson:12 # text = Orangutans are the largest tree-living animals, build a fresh sleeping nest of bent branches almost every night and live only on Borneo and Sumatra. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 002-the-rainforest-from-the-top.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Orangutans orangutan NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 4 largest large ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 8 amod _ _ 5 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 6 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 5 punct _ _ 7 living live VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 8 amod _ _ 8 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 build build VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:conj 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 12 fresh fresh ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 13 sleeping sleeping NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 nest nest NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 bent bent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 branches branch NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nmod _ _ 18 almost almost ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 19 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 20 det _ _ 20 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl:unmarked _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 23 only only ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 24 on on ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 Borneo Borneo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=22:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 Sumatra Sumatra PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 conj _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | gerund | | | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **is a** | present | Orangutans | the largest living animals | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **build** | present | | a fresh sleeping nest of bent branches | | | night | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset nest=Product | | 4 | **live** | present | | | | Borneo and Sumatra | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on borneo=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:002-the-rainforest-from-the-top.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The rainforest from the top: emergent…, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/11/) - next →: [The rainforest from the top: emergent…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/)