--- title: A strangler fig starts from a seed dropped high on a tree by a bird,… — The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and… · tree and pragmatics description: A strangler fig starts from a seed dropped high on a tree by a bird, sends roots down to the ground and wraps the host, which may die and rot away inside it. Who acts: strangler fig, host. A sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy» of the biology course of Mova --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The rainforest from the top: emergent…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/) / 16 # The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy, sentence 16 A strangler fig starts from a seed dropped high on a tree by a bird, sends roots down to the ground and wraps the host, which may die and rot away inside it. **Who acts:** strangler fig, host · **What happens:** start, drop, send, wrap, die, rot away · **To what, where:** seed, tree, roots, host, fig This is a sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (strangler fig, host), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:002-the-rainforest-from-the-top.lesson:16 # text = A strangler fig starts from a seed dropped high on a tree by a bird, sends roots down to the ground and wraps the host, which may die and rot away inside it. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 002-the-rainforest-from-the-top.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 strangler strangler NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 fig fig NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 starts start VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 from from ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 seed seed NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 dropped drop VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 acl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=7:acl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBD:Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 high high ADV RB Degree=Pos 8 advmod _ _ 10 on on ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 13 by by ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:nmod 16 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 17 sends send VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 18 roots root NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obj _ _ 19 down down ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 20 to to ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 24 wraps wrap VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 conj _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 host host NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 30 nsubj _ _ 29 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 26 acl:relcl _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 rot rot VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 conj _ _ 33 away away ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 34 inside inside ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obl _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **start** | present | a strangler fig | | | a seed | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 2 | **drop** | participle | | a seed *not said here* | | a tree | | by a bird; high *property* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent on tree=Destination by bird=Initial\_Location | | 3 | **send** | present | a strangler fig *not said here* | roots | | | | down *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent root=Theme | | 4 | **wrap** | present | a strangler fig *not said here* | the host | | | | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent host=Theme | | 5 | **die** | may | the host | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 6 | **rot away** | infinitive | the host *not said here* | | | fig | | away *property* | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:002-the-rainforest-from-the-top.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The rainforest from the top: emergent…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/15/) - next →: [The rainforest from the top: emergent…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/18/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/)