---
title: Pet cats are still hunters even when well fed, because hunting is an… — Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house cat · tree and pragmatics
description: Pet cats are still hunters even when well fed, because hunting is an instinct, something they are born with, from their wild ancestors, and they catch many birds and small animals, so a bell or keeping cats in at night helps wildlife. Who acts: Pet cats, hunting, whiskers, bell. A sentence of the le
---

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# Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house cat, sentence 16

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Pet cats are still hunters even when well fed, because hunting is an instinct, something they are born with, from their wild ancestors, and they catch many birds and small animals, so a bell or keeping cats in at night helps wildlife.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Pet cats, hunting, whiskers, bell · **What happens:** be, feed, bear, catch, keep, help · **To what, where:** hunters, instinct, whiskers, wild ancestors, many birds, cats

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house cat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pet cats, hunting, whiskers, bell), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:020-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat.lesson:16
# text = Pet cats are still hunters even when well fed, because hunting is an instinct, something they are born with, from their wild ancestors, and they catch many birds and small animals, so a bell or keeping cats in at night helps wildlife.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 020-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2
1	Pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	still	still	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	hunters	hunter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	even	even	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
9	fed	feed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
12	hunting	hunting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	instinct	instinct	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=9:conj
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	15	appos	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:conj
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl:relcl	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	from	from	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
25	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	ancestors	ancestor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	catch	catch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
31	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obj	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	conj	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
37	so	so	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
38	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	bell	bell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	nsubj	_	_
40	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
41	keeping	keep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	39	conj	_	_
42	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	obj	_	_
43	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	46	mark	_	_
44	at	at	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=46:obl
46	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
47	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	obj	_	_
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Pet cats | hunters and a instinct |  |  | still |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **feed** | participle | Pet cats *not said here* |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present | hunting | a instinct |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **bear** | present · passive |  | whiskers *= whisker* |  | whiskers's wild ancestors |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 5 | **catch** | present | whiskers *= whisker* | many birds and small animals |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Theme |
| 6 | **keep** | gerund | a bell *not said here* | cats |  |  | night |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Theme |
| 7 | **help** | present | a bell | wildlife |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wildlife=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:020-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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