--- title: The cheetah is the fastest land animal, reaching about 100 kilometre… — Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house cat · tree and pragmatics description: The cheetah is the fastest land animal, reaching about 100 kilometres per hour in a sprint with long legs, a light body, a bendy spine and a steering tail, but only for about 20 to 30 seconds before it overheats. Who acts: cheetah. A sentence of the lesson «Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/20-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the ho…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/20-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat/) / 9 # Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house cat, sentence 9 The cheetah is the fastest land animal, reaching about 100 kilometres per hour in a sprint with long legs, a light body, a bendy spine and a steering tail, but only for about 20 to 30 seconds before it overheats. **Who acts:** cheetah · **What happens:** be, reach, overheat · **To what, where:** fastest land animal, 100 kilometres, sprint This is a sentence of the lesson «Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house cat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cheetah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:020-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat.lesson:9 # text = The cheetah is the fastest land animal, reaching about 100 kilometres per hour in a sprint with long legs, a light body, a bendy spine and a steering tail, but only for about 20 to 30 seconds before it overheats. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 020-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 cheetah cheetah NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 5 fastest fast ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 7 amod _ _ 6 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 reaching reach VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:acl 10 about about ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 11 100 100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 12 nummod _ _ 12 kilometres kilometre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:obl 13 per per ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 hour hour NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:obl 15 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 sprint sprint NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 18 with with ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nmod _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 23 light light ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=24:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 24 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 conj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 bendy bendy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 spine spine NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 conj _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 steering steering NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 compound _ _ 32 tail tail NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=28:conj 33 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 34 but but CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 35 only only ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 36 for for ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 about about ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 38 20 20 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 41 nummod _ _ 39 to to ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 30 30 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 38 nmod _ _ 41 seconds second NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj _ _ 42 before before SCONJ IN _ 44 mark _ _ 43 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 nsubj _ _ 44 overheats overheat VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 advcl _ _ 45 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the cheetah | the fastest land animal | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **reach** | gerund | the cheetah *not said here* | 100 kilometres | | a sprint with long legs and a light body and a bendy spine and a steering tail | per hour | | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent kilometre=Theme | | 3 | **overheat** | present | cheetah | | | | | | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:020-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the ho…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/20-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat/8/) - next →: [Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the ho…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/20-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/20-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat/)