--- title: Gerbils save water by making very dry droppings and very little urin… — Hamsters, gerbils and pet rats and mice · tree and pragmatics description: Gerbils save water by making very dry droppings and very little urine (wee), so they drink little and their cages smell less than many others. Who acts: Gerbils, cages. A sentence of the lesson «Hamsters, gerbils and pet rats and mice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/202-hamsters-gerbils-and-pet-rats-and-mice/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Hamsters, gerbils and pet rats and mice](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/202-hamsters-gerbils-and-pet-rats-and-mice/) / 11 # Hamsters, gerbils and pet rats and mice, sentence 11 Gerbils save water by making very dry droppings and very little urine (wee), so they drink little and their cages smell less than many others. **Who acts:** Gerbils, cages · **What happens:** save, make, drink, smell · **To what, where:** water, dry droppings This is a sentence of the lesson «Hamsters, gerbils and pet rats and mice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gerbils, cages), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:202-hamsters-gerbils-and-pet-rats-and-mice.lesson:11 # text = Gerbils save water by making very dry droppings and very little urine (wee), so they drink little and their cages smell less than many others. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 202-hamsters-gerbils-and-pet-rats-and-mice.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Gerbils gerbil NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 save save VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 4 by by SCONJ IN _ 5 mark _ _ 5 making make VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 6 very very ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 7 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 droppings dropping NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 10 very very ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 11 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 urine urine NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 conj _ _ 13 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 14 punct _ _ 14 wee wee NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 appos _ _ 15 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 14 punct _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 17 so so ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 18 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 19 drink drink VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 20 little little ADV RB Degree=Pos 19 advmod _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 22 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ _ 23 cages cage NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 24 smell smell VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 conj _ _ 25 less less ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 24 advmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=24:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RBR:Degree=Cmp 26 than than ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 others other NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obl _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **save** | present | Gerbils | water | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme | | 2 | **make** | gerund | Gerbils *not said here* | dry droppings and little urine | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset dropping=Product | | 3 | **drink** | present | Gerbils *= gerbil* | | | | | little *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **smell** | present | Gerbils's cages | | | | | than many others | vn smell\_emission-43.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:202-hamsters-gerbils-and-pet-rats-and-mice.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Hamsters, gerbils and pet rats and mice, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/202-hamsters-gerbils-and-pet-rats-and-mice/10/) - next →: [Hamsters, gerbils and pet rats and mice, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/202-hamsters-gerbils-and-pet-rats-and-mice/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/202-hamsters-gerbils-and-pet-rats-and-mice/)