--- title: Fish breathe the oxygen dissolved in water through their gills, and… — The fish tank: water, gills, heaters and the rig… · tree and pragmatics description: Fish breathe the oxygen dissolved in water through their gills, and their droppings make waste that would poison them if friendly bacteria in the filter did not turn it into something safer. Who acts: Fish, droppings, waste, friendly bacteria. A sentence of the lesson «The fish tank: water, gills, h --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/203-the-fish-tank-water-gills-heaters-and-the-right-neighbours/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [The fish tank: water, gills, heaters a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/203-the-fish-tank-water-gills-heaters-and-the-right-neighbours/) / 1 # The fish tank: water, gills, heaters and the right neighbours, sentence 1 Fish breathe the oxygen dissolved in water through their gills, and their droppings make waste that would poison them if friendly bacteria in the filter did not turn it into something safer. **Who acts:** Fish, droppings, waste, friendly bacteria · **What happens:** breathe, dissolve, make, poison, not turn · **To what, where:** oxygen, water, waste, droppings, something This is a sentence of the lesson «The fish tank: water, gills, heaters and the right neighbours» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fish, droppings, waste, friendly bacteria), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:203-the-fish-tank-water-gills-heaters-and-the-right-neighbours.lesson:1 # text = Fish breathe the oxygen dissolved in water through their gills, and their droppings make waste that would poison them if friendly bacteria in the filter did not turn it into something safer. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 203-the-fish-tank-water-gills-heaters-and-the-right-neighbours.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 breathe breathe VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 oxygen oxygen NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 5 dissolved dissolve VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 acl _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 8 through through ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 gills gill NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 13 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 14 droppings dropping NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 15 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 16 waste waste NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 17 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 19 nsubj _ _ 18 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 19 aux _ _ 19 poison poison VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 acl:relcl _ _ 20 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ _ 21 if if SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 22 friendly friendly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 bacteria bacteria NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 24 in in ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 filter filter NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod _ _ 27 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 28 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 29 advmod _ _ 29 turn turn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 advcl _ _ 30 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obj _ _ 31 into into ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 29 obl _ _ 33 safer safe ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 32 amod _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **breathe** | present | Fish | the oxygen | | | | | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Theme | | 2 | **dissolve** | participle | | the oxygen *not said here* | | water | | through Fish's gills | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **make** | present | Fish's droppings | waste | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset waste=Product | | 4 | **poison** | would | waste | droppings *= dropping* | | | | | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | | 5 | **not** **turn** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · do-support | friendly bacteria in the filter | waste | | something | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent it=Theme into something=Trajectory | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:203-the-fish-tank-water-gills-heaters-and-the-right-neighbours.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Hamsters, gerbils and pet rats and mice, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/202-hamsters-gerbils-and-pet-rats-and-mice/15/) - next →: [The fish tank: water, gills, heaters a…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/203-the-fish-tank-water-gills-heaters-and-the-right-neighbours/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/203-the-fish-tank-water-gills-heaters-and-the-right-neighbours/)