---
title: A goldfish gulping at the surface is usually short of oxygen; a part… — Goldfish and pond fish: the three-second memory… · tree and pragmatics
description: A goldfish gulping at the surface is usually short of oxygen; a partial water change and a filter help. Who acts: goldfish, partial water change. A sentence of the lesson «Goldfish and pond fish: the three-second memory myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree an
---

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# Goldfish and pond fish: the three-second memory myth, sentence 13

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A goldfish gulping at the surface is usually short of oxygen; a partial water change and a filter help.

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**Who acts:** goldfish, partial water change · **What happens:** gulp, be, help · **To what, where:** surface

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Goldfish and pond fish: the three-second memory myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (goldfish, partial water change), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:biology:204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth.lesson:13
# text = A goldfish gulping at the surface is usually short of oxygen; a partial water change and a filter help.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = biology
# lesson = 204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	goldfish	goldfish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	gulping	gulp	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	partial	partial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	change	change	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	filter	filter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
20	help	help	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gulp** | gerund | a goldfish *not said here* |  |  | the surface |  |  | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | a goldfish |  |  |  |  | of oxygen; short, usually *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **help** | present | a partial water change and a filter |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Goldfish and pond fish: the three-seco…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth/12/)
- next →: [Goldfish and pond fish: the three-seco…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth/14/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth/)