--- title: Goldfish colour depends partly on light, so a goldfish kept in the d… — Goldfish and pond fish: the three-second memory… · tree and pragmatics description: Goldfish colour depends partly on light, so a goldfish kept in the dark can turn pale, and wild fish also change colour to match their surroundings. Who acts: Goldfish colour, goldfish, wild fish. A sentence of the lesson «Goldfish and pond fish: the three-second memory myth» of the biology course o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Goldfish and pond fish: the three-seco…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth/) / 14 # Goldfish and pond fish: the three-second memory myth, sentence 14 Goldfish colour depends partly on light, so a goldfish kept in the dark can turn pale, and wild fish also change colour to match their surroundings. **Who acts:** Goldfish colour, goldfish, wild fish · **What happens:** depend, keep, turn, change, match · **To what, where:** goldfish, dark, colour, surroundings This is a sentence of the lesson «Goldfish and pond fish: the three-second memory myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Goldfish colour, goldfish, wild fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth.lesson:14 # text = Goldfish colour depends partly on light, so a goldfish kept in the dark can turn pale, and wild fish also change colour to match their surroundings. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Goldfish goldfish NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 compound _ _ 2 colour colour NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 depends depend VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 partly partly ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 on on ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 8 so so ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 goldfish goldfish NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 11 kept keep VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 acl _ _ 12 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 dark dark NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 15 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 16 turn turn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 17 pale pale ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 xcomp _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 20 wild wild ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 22 also also ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 change change VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 parataxis _ _ 24 colour colour NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 25 to to PART TO _ 26 mark _ _ 26 match match VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 advcl _ _ 27 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ _ 28 surroundings surroundings NOUN NNS Number=Ptan 26 obj _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **depend** | present | Goldfish colour | | | | | on light; partly *property* | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent on light=Theme | | 2 | **keep** | participle | | a goldfish *not said here* | | the dark | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in dark=Location | | 3 | **turn** | can | a goldfish | | | | | pale *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **change** | infinitive | wild fish | colour | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient | | 5 | **match** | to-infinitive | wild fish *not said here* | change's surroundings | | | | | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent surroundings=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Goldfish and pond fish: the three-seco…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth/13/) - next →: [Goldfish and pond fish: the three-seco…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth/)