--- title: Some chasing among goldfish is play or feeding, but too much is bull… — Goldfish and pond fish: the three-second memory… · tree and pragmatics description: Some chasing among goldfish is play or feeding, but too much is bullying; fish recognise each other and keep a pecking order, a ladder of who is boss over whom. Who acts: chasing, much, fish, ladder. A sentence of the lesson «Goldfish and pond fish: the three-second memory myth» of the biology cours --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Goldfish and pond fish: the three-seco…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth/) / 16 # Goldfish and pond fish: the three-second memory myth, sentence 16 Some chasing among goldfish is play or feeding, but too much is bullying; fish recognise each other and keep a pecking order, a ladder of who is boss over whom. **Who acts:** chasing, much, fish, ladder · **What happens:** be, bully, recognise, keep · **To what, where:** play, each, pecking order, ladder This is a sentence of the lesson «Goldfish and pond fish: the three-second memory myth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chasing, much, fish, ladder), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth.lesson:16 # text = Some chasing among goldfish is play or feeding, but too much is bullying; fish recognise each other and keep a pecking order, a ladder of who is boss over whom. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Some some DET DT PronType=Ind 2 det _ _ 2 chasing chasing NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 3 among among ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 goldfish goldfish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:nmod|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 6 play play NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 7 or or CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 feeding feeding NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 10 but but CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 11 too too ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 12 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 nsubj _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 14 bullying bully VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 conj _ _ 15 ; ; PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ _ 17 recognise recognise VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 18 each each DET DT ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp 17 obj _ _ 19 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 fixed _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 keep keep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=17:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 22 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 23 pecking pecking NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 compound _ _ 24 order order NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 ladder ladder NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 appos _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 29 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 31 nsubj _ _ 30 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 cop _ _ 31 boss boss NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 acl:relcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=27:nmod 32 over over ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Rel 31 nmod _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | some chasing among goldfish | play or feeding | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **bully** | present · progressive | much | | | | | | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **recognise** | present | fish | each | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer each=Stimulus | | 4 | **keep** | present | fish *not said here* | a pecking order | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent order=Theme | | 5 | **is** | present | a ladder | | | a ladder | | of boss | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Goldfish and pond fish: the three-seco…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth/15/) - next →: [Budgies and canaries, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/204-goldfish-and-pond-fish-the-three-second-memory-myth/)