--- title: A budgie grinding its beak softly at bedtime is usually content and… — Budgies and canaries · tree and pragmatics description: A budgie grinding its beak softly at bedtime is usually content and relaxed, and budgies often sleep standing on one leg with the head tucked into the back feathers. Who acts: budgie, budgies. A sentence of the lesson «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its dep --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Budgies and canaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/) / 15 # Budgies and canaries, sentence 15 A budgie grinding its beak softly at bedtime is usually content and relaxed, and budgies often sleep standing on one leg with the head tucked into the back feathers. **Who acts:** budgie, budgies · **What happens:** grind, be, sleep, stand, tuck · **To what, where:** beak, bedtime, one leg, back feathers This is a sentence of the lesson «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (budgie, budgies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries.lesson:15 # text = A budgie grinding its beak softly at bedtime is usually content and relaxed, and budgies often sleep standing on one leg with the head tucked into the back feathers. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 205-budgies-and-canaries.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 budgie budgie NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 3 grinding grind VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 acl _ _ 4 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ _ 5 beak beak NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 softly softly ADV RB Degree=Pos 3 advmod _ _ 7 at at ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 bedtime bedtime NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 9 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 cop _ _ 10 usually usually ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 11 content content ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 relaxed relaxed ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 conj _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=11:punct 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 16 budgies budgie NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 17 often often ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 18 sleep sleep VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 19 standing stand VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 18 xcomp _ _ 20 on on ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 22 nummod _ _ 22 leg leg NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 23 with with ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 26 tucked tuck VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 18 conj _ _ 27 into into ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 29 back back NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=30:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 30 feathers feather NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obl _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grind** | gerund | a budgie *not said here* | bird's beak | | bedtime | | softly *property* | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beak=Patient | | 2 | **is** | present | a budgie | | | | | content, usually *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **be** | | a budgie *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **sleep** | present | budgies | | | | | often *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **stand** | gerund | budgies *not said here* | | | one leg with the head | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on leg=Location | | 6 | **tuck** | participle | budgies *not said here* | | | the back feathers | | | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent into feather=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Budgies and canaries, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/14/) - next →: [Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/)