--- title: That is why a budgie chatters, whistles and bobs its head all day, w… — Budgies and canaries · tree and pragmatics description: That is why a budgie chatters, whistles and bobs its head all day, why it stares into a mirror as if at a friend, and why it is happiest with another budgie beside it. Who acts: That, budgie, bird. A sentence of the lesson «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with it --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Budgies and canaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/) / 2 # Budgies and canaries, sentence 2 That is why a budgie chatters, whistles and bobs its head all day, why it stares into a mirror as if at a friend, and why it is happiest with another budgie beside it. **Who acts:** That, budgie, bird · **What happens:** be, chatter, whistle, bob, stare · **To what, where:** head This is a sentence of the lesson «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (That, budgie, bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries.lesson:2 # text = That is why a budgie chatters, whistles and bobs its head all day, why it stares into a mirror as if at a friend, and why it is happiest with another budgie beside it. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 205-budgies-and-canaries.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 That that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 why why ADV WRB PronType=Rel 0 root _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 budgie budgie NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 chatters chatter VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 whistles whistle VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 bobs bob VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 11 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 13 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 14 det _ _ 14 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl:unmarked _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 18 advmod _ _ 17 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 stares stare VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 19 into into ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 mirror mirror NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 22 as as SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 23 if if SCONJ IN _ 26 mark _ _ 24 at at ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 friend friend NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:obl 27 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 29 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 32 advmod _ _ 30 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 31 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 cop _ _ 32 happiest happy ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 6 conj _ _ 33 with with ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 34 another another DET DT PronType=Ind 35 det _ _ 35 budgie budgie NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 36 beside beside ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obl _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | That | | | | | why *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **chatter** | present | a budgie | | | | | | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **whistle** | present | a budgie *not said here* | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **bob** | present | a budgie *not said here* | bird's head | | | day | | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient | | 5 | **stare** | present | bird | | | | | into a mirror | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent into mirror=Theme | | 6 | **is** | present | bird | | | | | with another budgie; beside friend; happy *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Budgies and canaries, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/1/) - next →: [Budgies and canaries, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/)