--- title: Parrots make their sounds with a voice organ deep in the chest, and… — Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long lives · tree and pragmatics description: Parrots make their sounds with a voice organ deep in the chest, and their brains have a special area for learning new sounds, which most birds do not have. Who acts: Parrots, brains, special area, most birds. A sentence of the lesson «Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long lives» of the biology cour --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives/) / 2 # Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long lives, sentence 2 Parrots make their sounds with a voice organ deep in the chest, and their brains have a special area for learning new sounds, which most birds do not have. **Who acts:** Parrots, brains, special area, most birds · **What happens:** make, have, learn, not have · **To what, where:** sounds, special area, new sounds This is a sentence of the lesson «Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long lives» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Parrots, brains, special area, most birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives.lesson:2 # text = Parrots make their sounds with a voice organ deep in the chest, and their brains have a special area for learning new sounds, which most birds do not have. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Parrots parrot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ _ 4 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 5 with with ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 compound _ _ 8 organ organ NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 9 deep deep ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 chest chest NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 15 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ _ 16 brains brain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ _ 17 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 special special ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 area area NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 21 for for SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 22 learning learn VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 20 acl _ _ 23 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 26 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 31 obj _ _ 27 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 28 amod _ _ 28 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nsubj _ _ 29 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ _ 30 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 31 advmod _ _ 31 have have VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 24 acl:relcl _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present | Parrots | Parrots's sounds | | | | with a voice organ in the chest | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Product | | 2 | **have** | present | Parrots's brains | a special area | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent area=Patient | | 3 | **learn** | gerund | a special area *not said here* | new sounds | | | | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Topic | | 4 | **not** **have** | present · do-support | most birds | new sounds | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives/1/) - next →: [Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives/)