--- title: Parrots copy sounds using a voice organ in the chest and a brain are… — Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long lives · tree and pragmatics description: Parrots copy sounds using a voice organ in the chest and a brain area for learning sounds; a famous African grey called Alex learned words for colours, shapes and numbers. Who acts: Parrots, famous African grey. A sentence of the lesson «Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long lives» of the biology c --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives/) / 4 # Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long lives, sentence 4 Parrots copy sounds using a voice organ in the chest and a brain area for learning sounds; a famous African grey called Alex learned words for colours, shapes and numbers. **Who acts:** Parrots, famous African grey · **What happens:** copy, use, learn, call · **To what, where:** sounds, voice organ, chest, famous African grey, words · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long lives» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Parrots, famous African grey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives.lesson:4 # text = Parrots copy sounds using a voice organ in the chest and a brain area for learning sounds; a famous African grey called Alex learned words for colours, shapes and numbers. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 Parrots parrot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 copy copy VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 4 using use VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 advcl _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 organ organ NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 chest chest NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 brain brain NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 area area NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 15 for for ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 learning learn VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 17 amod _ _ 17 sounds sound NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 20 famous famous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 21 African African ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 grey grey NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 23 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 22 acl _ _ 24 Alex Alex PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 xcomp _ _ 25 learned learn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 26 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obj _ _ 27 for for ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 colours colour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:obl 29 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 30 shapes shape NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 conj _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 numbers number NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 conj _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **copy** | present | Parrots | sounds | | | | | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sound=Theme | | 2 | **use** | gerund | Parrots *not said here* | a voice organ and a brain area | | the chest | | for learning sounds | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent organ=Theme for sound=Eventuality | | 3 | **learn** | gerund | | | | | | | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **call** | participle | | a famous African grey *not said here* | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **learn** | past | a famous African grey | words | | | | for colours and shapes and numbers | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives/3/) - next →: [Parrots: talkers, nutcrackers and long…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/206-parrots-talkers-nutcrackers-and-long-lives/)