--- title: The soft V-shaped part under the hoof is called the frog; it absorbs… — Hooves, riding and caring for a horse, plus donk… · tree and pragmatics description: The soft V-shaped part under the hoof is called the frog; it absorbs shock and helps push blood back up the leg, and a stone stuck beside it can make a horse lame, so that it limps. Who acts: part, stone. A sentence of the lesson «Hooves, riding and caring for a horse, plus donkeys and mules» of the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Hooves, riding and caring for a horse,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules/) / 5 # Hooves, riding and caring for a horse, plus donkeys and mules, sentence 5 The soft V-shaped part under the hoof is called the frog; it absorbs shock and helps push blood back up the leg, and a stone stuck beside it can make a horse lame, so that it limps. **Who acts:** part, stone · **What happens:** shape, call, absorb, help, push, stick · **To what, where:** soft shaped part, shock, blood, hoof, horse · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Hooves, riding and caring for a horse, plus donkeys and mules» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (part, stone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules.lesson:5 # text = The soft V-shaped part under the hoof is called the frog; it absorbs shock and helps push blood back up the leg, and a stone stuck beside it can make a horse lame, so that it limps. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 2 soft soft ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 3 V v NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 4 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 3 punct _ _ 5 shaped shape VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=6:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 6 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj:pass _ _ 7 under under ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 hoof hoof NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux:pass _ _ 11 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 frog frog NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 xcomp _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 absorbs absorb VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=11:advcl 17 shock shock NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 helps help VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 20 push push VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 19 xcomp _ _ 21 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 back back ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 23 up up ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 leg leg NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 stone stone NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 30 stuck stick VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 29 acl _ _ 31 beside beside ADP IN _ 34 mark _ _ 32 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=34:nsubj 33 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 34 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 advcl _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 37 lame lame ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 xcomp _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 39 so so SCONJ IN _ 42 mark _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=42:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 40 that that SCONJ IN _ 42 mark _ _ 41 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ _ 42 limps limp VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 advcl _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **shape** | participle | | | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | | 2 | **call** *speech: assert* | present · passive | | the soft shaped part under the hoof | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | | 3 | **absorb** | present | part | shock | | | | | vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal shock=Theme | | 4 | **help** | present | part *not said here* | | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 5 | **push** | infinitive | part *not said here* | blood | | | | | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blood=Theme | | 6 | **stick** | participle | a stone *not said here* | hoof | | | | | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 7 | **make** | can | a stone *not said here* | a horse | | | | lame *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset horse=Product | | 8 | **limp** | present | part | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Hooves, riding and caring for a horse,…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules/4/) - next →: [Hooves, riding and caring for a horse,…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules/)