--- title: In 1878 the photographer Eadweard Muybridge used a row of cameras to… — Hooves, riding and caring for a horse, plus donk… · tree and pragmatics description: In 1878 the photographer Eadweard Muybridge used a row of cameras to prove that a galloping horse has a moment with all four feet off the ground. Who acts: photographer, galloping horse. A sentence of the lesson «Hooves, riding and caring for a horse, plus donkeys and mules» of the biology course of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Hooves, riding and caring for a horse,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules/) / 8 # Hooves, riding and caring for a horse, plus donkeys and mules, sentence 8 In 1878 the photographer Eadweard Muybridge used a row of cameras to prove that a galloping horse has a moment with all four feet off the ground. **Who acts:** photographer, galloping horse · **What happens:** use, prove, gallop, have · **To what, where:** row, 1878 This is a sentence of the lesson «Hooves, riding and caring for a horse, plus donkeys and mules» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (photographer, galloping horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules.lesson:8 # text = In 1878 the photographer Eadweard Muybridge used a row of cameras to prove that a galloping horse has a moment with all four feet off the ground. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 1878 1878 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 obl _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 photographer photographer NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:appos 5 Eadweard Eadweard PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 6 Muybridge Muybridge PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 flat _ _ 7 used use VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 row row NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 cameras camera NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nmod _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 prove prove VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 advcl _ _ 14 that that SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 galloping gallop VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 17 amod _ _ 17 horse horse NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 18 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 ccomp _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 moment moment NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 with with ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 22 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 24 det _ _ 23 four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 24 nummod _ _ 24 feet foot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nmod _ _ 25 off off ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | past | the photographer | a row of cameras | | 1878 | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent row=Patient | | 2 | **prove** | to-infinitive | the photographer *not said here* | | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 3 | **gallop** | gerund | | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **have** | present | a galloping horse | | | | moment | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Hooves, riding and caring for a horse,…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules/7/) - next →: [Hooves, riding and caring for a horse,…, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/208-hooves-riding-and-caring-for-a-horse-plus-donkeys-and-mules/)