--- title: The trunk is the elephant's nose and top lip grown long and joined t… — Elephants: the trunk and everything it does · tree and pragmatics description: The trunk is the elephant's nose and top lip grown long and joined together, with two nostrils running all the way down it and no bones at all, only tens of thousands of little muscle bundles. Who acts: trunk, two nostrils. A sentence of the lesson «Elephants: the trunk and everything it does» of th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/21-elephants-the-trunk/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Elephants: the trunk and everything it…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/21-elephants-the-trunk/) / 1 # Elephants: the trunk and everything it does, sentence 1 The trunk is the elephant's nose and top lip grown long and joined together, with two nostrils running all the way down it and no bones at all, only tens of thousands of little muscle bundles. **Who acts:** trunk, two nostrils · **What happens:** be, grow, join, run · **To what, where:** nose, top lip, way This is a sentence of the lesson «Elephants: the trunk and everything it does» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trunk, two nostrils), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:021-elephants-the-trunk.lesson:1 # text = The trunk is the elephant's nose and top lip grown long and joined together, with two nostrils running all the way down it and no bones at all, only tens of thousands of little muscle bundles. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 021-elephants-the-trunk.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 trunk trunk NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 elephant elephant NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod:poss _ _ 6 's 's PART POS _ 5 case _ _ 7 nose nose NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 9 top top ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 lip lip NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 11 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 acl _ _ 12 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 11 advmod _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 joined join VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 15 together together ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 17 with with SCONJ IN _ 20 mark _ _ 18 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 19 nummod _ _ 19 nostrils nostril NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ _ 20 running run VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 advcl _ _ 21 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 23 det:predet _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl:unmarked _ _ 24 down down ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 25 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=20:obj 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 27 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 28 det _ _ 28 bones bone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 conj _ _ 29 at at ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 28 nmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=28:obl 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 only only ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 33 tens ten NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 conj _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 thousands thousand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 33 nmod _ _ 36 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 37 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 38 muscle muscle NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 compound _ _ 39 bundles bundle NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 nmod _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the trunk | the elephant's nose and top lip and no bones at all and tens of thousands of little muscle bundles | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **grow** | participle | | top lip *not said here* | | | | long *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **join** | past | | | | | | together *property* | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **run** | gerund | two nostrils | all way | | | | elephant *obl* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:021-elephants-the-trunk.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Elephants: the trunk and everything it…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/21-elephants-the-trunk/0/) - next →: [Elephants: the trunk and everything it…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/21-elephants-the-trunk/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/21-elephants-the-trunk/)