--- title: Geese fly in a V because each bird catches rising air from the wingt… — Ducks, geese and farm myths · tree and pragmatics description: Geese fly in a V because each bird catches rising air from the wingtip of the one in front, which saves energy, and they take turns at the tiring front place. Who acts: Geese, bird, front. A sentence of the lesson «Ducks, geese and farm myths» of the biology course of Mova's primary school with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Ducks, geese and farm myths](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths/) / 11 # Ducks, geese and farm myths, sentence 11 Geese fly in a V because each bird catches rising air from the wingtip of the one in front, which saves energy, and they take turns at the tiring front place. **Who acts:** Geese, bird, front · **What happens:** fly, catch, rise, save, take · **To what, where:** V, rising air, wingtip, energy, turns, tiring front place This is a sentence of the lesson «Ducks, geese and farm myths» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Geese, bird, front), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths.lesson:11 # text = Geese fly in a V because each bird catches rising air from the wingtip of the one in front, which saves energy, and they take turns at the tiring front place. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Geese geese NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 fly fly VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 V v NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 6 because because SCONJ IN ExtPos=ADP 9 mark _ _ 7 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 8 det _ _ 8 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 9 catches catch VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 advcl _ _ 10 rising rise VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 11 amod _ _ 11 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 from from ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 wingtip wingtip NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 front front NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 21 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 22 nsubj _ _ 22 saves save VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 acl:relcl _ _ 23 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=9:punct 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 26 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 take take VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 28 turns turn NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obj _ _ 29 at at ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 31 tiring tire ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=33:amod|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:VerbForm=Ger 32 front front ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fly** | present | Geese | | | a V | | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in v=Location | | 2 | **catch** | present | each bird | rising air | | the wingtip of the one in front | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent air=Theme from wingtip=Source | | 3 | **rise** | gerund | | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **save** | present | front | energy | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme | | 5 | **take** | present | geese | turns | | the tiring front place | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent turn=Theme at place=Asset | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ducks, geese and farm myths, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths/10/) - next →: [Ducks, geese and farm myths, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths/)