--- title: Ducks can swim in icy water because warm and cold blood vessels in t… — Ducks, geese and farm myths · tree and pragmatics description: Ducks can swim in icy water because warm and cold blood vessels in their legs swap heat, so their feet stay cold and their body stays warm, and their feet do not stick to ice. Who acts: Ducks, warm blood vessels, feet, body. A sentence of the lesson «Ducks, geese and farm myths» of the biology cours --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Ducks, geese and farm myths](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths/) / 4 # Ducks, geese and farm myths, sentence 4 Ducks can swim in icy water because warm and cold blood vessels in their legs swap heat, so their feet stay cold and their body stays warm, and their feet do not stick to ice. **Who acts:** Ducks, warm blood vessels, feet, body · **What happens:** swim, swap, stay, not stick · **To what, where:** icy water, heat This is a sentence of the lesson «Ducks, geese and farm myths» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ducks, warm blood vessels, feet, body), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths.lesson:4 # text = Ducks can swim in icy water because warm and cold blood vessels in their legs swap heat, so their feet stay cold and their body stays warm, and their feet do not stick to ice. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Ducks duck NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 swim swim VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 icy icy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 because because SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 8 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 conj _ _ 11 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 vessels vessel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 legs leg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nmod _ _ 16 swap swap VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 17 heat heat NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 19 so so ADV RB _ 22 advmod _ _ 20 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 feet foot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 22 stay stay VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 23 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 xcomp _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 25 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ _ 26 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 27 stays stay VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 28 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 xcomp _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 31 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ _ 32 feet foot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 nsubj _ _ 33 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 34 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 35 advmod _ _ 35 stick stick VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 36 to to ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **swim** | can | Ducks | | | icy water | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Trajectory | | 2 | **swap** | present | warm blood vessels in vessels's legs | heat | | | | | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Theme | | 3 | **stay** | present | vessels's feet | | | | | cold *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **stay** | present | feet's body | | | | | warm *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **not** **stick** | present · do-support | feet's feet | | | | | to ice | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to ice=Co-Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ducks, geese and farm myths, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths/3/) - next →: [Ducks, geese and farm myths, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/213-ducks-geese-and-farm-myths/)