--- title: When it is scared, a ring of muscle pulls its skin tight like the st… — Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help t… · tree and pragmatics description: When it is scared, a ring of muscle pulls its skin tight like the string on a drawstring bag, and the hedgehog becomes a prickly ball that most animals give up on. Who acts: hedgehog, ring, most animals. A sentence of the lesson «Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them» of the biology co --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/) / [Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/) / 1 # Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them, sentence 1 When it is scared, a ring of muscle pulls its skin tight like the string on a drawstring bag, and the hedgehog becomes a prickly ball that most animals give up on. **Who acts:** hedgehog, ring, most animals · **What happens:** be, pull, become, give up · **To what, where:** skin, prickly ball This is a sentence of the lesson «Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hedgehog, ring, most animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them.lesson:1 # text = When it is scared, a ring of muscle pulls its skin tight like the string on a drawstring bag, and the hedgehog becomes a prickly ball that most animals give up on. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = biology # lesson = 214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 When when SCONJ WRB _ 4 mark _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 scared scared ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 advcl _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 ring ring NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 muscle muscle NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 10 pulls pull VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 13 tight tight ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 14 like like ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 string string NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 17 on on ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 drawstring drawstring NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 compound _ _ 20 bag bag NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=10:cc 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 hedgehog hedgehog NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 25 becomes become VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 prickly prickly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 ball ball NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 xcomp _ _ 29 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 32 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=32:obl 30 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 31 amod _ _ 31 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 nsubj _ _ 32 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 acl:relcl _ _ 33 up up ADP RP _ 32 compound:prt _ _ 34 on on ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | hedgehog | | | | | scared *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **pull** | present | a ring of muscle | hedgehog's skin | | | | like the string on a drawstring bag; tight *property* | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Theme | | 3 | **become** | present | the hedgehog | a prickly ball | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **give up** | present | most animals | a prickly ball | | | | | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Source | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/0/) - next →: [Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/)